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Samalian was a Semitic language spoken in Samʼal.

Samalian
Native toSamʼal
Extinct1st millennium BC
Language family
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)
Glottologsama1317

Samalian is primarily known from three inscriptions, the Hadad Statue and the Panamuwa II inscription (KAI 214–215), both unearthed in the late 19th century, and a third known as the Kuttamuwa stele, unearthed in 2008.[1]


Classification


Among the Semitic languages, Samalian shows most similarities to Aramaic. It has been earlier often considered an outright early dialect of Aramaic, possibly influenced by Canaanite. Strong evidence is however absent, and Samalian is best considered an independent member of the Northwest Semitic group,[2][3] or, together with the Deir Alla Inscription, a sister variety of Aramaic in an "Aramoid" or "Syrian" group.[2][4]


Linguistic features


Features connecting Samalian with Aramaic include:

Pat-El & Wilson-Wright propose as additional general characteristics of Samalian the development of nasal vowels, as expected word-final n after long vowels is systematically absent in the Panamuwa inscriptions;[7] as well as an object marker wt, cognate with Aramean ləwāt 'with'.[8]


Notes


  1. Pat-El & Wilson-Wright 2019, p. 372.
  2. Huehnergard 1995, p. 282.
  3. Pat-El & Wilson-Wright 2019.
  4. Kogan 2015, p. 601.
  5. Huehnergard 1995, p. 278.
  6. Pat-El & Wilson-Wright 2019, p. 374.
  7. Pat-El & Wilson-Wright 2019, pp. 380–381.
  8. Pat-El & Wilson-Wright 2019, p. 383.

References




На других языках


- [en] Samalian language

[fr] Samalien (langue)

Le samalien était une langue sémitique parlée à Sam'al.

[ru] Самальский язык

Самальский язык — семитский язык, на котором говорили жители Самаль.



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