lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageThe Jaffna Tamil dialect is a Tamil dialect native to the Jaffna Peninsula and is the primary dialect used in Northern Sri Lanka.[1] The Jaffna Tamil dialect has a very similar intonation to Malayalam.[2] Both preserve certain archaic words and phonemes which have gone out of vogue in most dialects of Indian Tamil. Consequently many consider the Jaffna dialect to be a more conservative form of Tamil.[3]
Dialect of Tamil
Although, audibly, quite distinct from the spoken Tamil dialects of Tamil Nadu, it nevertheless shares a similar standard written Tamil as Tamil Nadu, but is not always mutually intelligible in colloquial forms. Similarly, Sri Lankan Tamil dialects are not mutually intelligible with Malayalam too.
A subdialect retained by the Paraiyar people of Kayts still retains a number of archaic words and Prakrit loans not found in any other dialects of Tamil. These drummers had historically played an important role as ritual players of drums at funerals and folk temples and as heralds and traditional weavers. They also maintained the family records of their feudal lords and even practised medicine and astrology in folk traditions[4]
History
The Jaffna district is very close to South India, being separated by a narrow stretch of sea called the Palk Strait. In spite of the continual contact with India by sea, Sri Lankan Tamils have over the centuries become a distinct people developing dialects that differ in several aspects from the Indian Tamil dialects.[5] The Jaffna Tamil dialect is also distinct to a lesser extent from that of the Eastern, Western and Upcountry Tamil dialects of Sri Lanka.[6]
Pronunciation
Devoicing of [h] occurs in the Jaffna dialect, the voiceless plosives of the Jaffna dialects represent an antique feature of the pre-Sangam period. The Jaffna pronunciation [nitka]>[nikka] for nirka “to stand’ is likely to preserve the ancient plosive nature of /r/, which in colloquial middle Tamil inscriptions is already confounded with the dental trill in this position.[7]
See also
References
Sri Lankan Tamil people |
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List of Sri Lankan Tamils |
History | Ancient |
- History of Eastern Tamils
- Tissamaharama inscription
- Annaicoddai seal
- Ketheeswaram temple
- Koneswaram temple
- Munneswaram temple
- Tenavaram temple
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Jaffna kingdom |
- History
- Aryacakravarti
- Jaffna Palace ruins
- Kotagama inscriptions
- Portuguese conquest
- Vannimai
- Vanniar
- Demala Hatpattu
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Colonial |
- American Ceylon Mission
- Wesleyan Methodist Mission
- Jaffna Youth Congress
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Post-colonial |
- Nationalism
- Colonisation
- Sinhala Only Act
- Riots
- Bandaranaike–Chelvanayakam Pact
- Standardisation
- Militancy
- Vaddukoddai Resolution
- Tamil Eelam
- Burning of Jaffna library
- Black July
- Civil War
- NPC Resolution on Genocide
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Politics | Government |
- Northern Provincial Council
- Government of the Northern Province
- Governors
- Chief Ministers
- Eastern Provincial Council
- Governors
- Chief Ministers
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Political parties |
- All Ceylon Tamil Congress
- Federal Party
- Tamil United Liberation Front
- Tamil National Alliance
- Tamil National People's Front
- Tamil People's National Alliance
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Militant groups |
- ENDLF
- ENLF
- EPRLF
- EORS
- LTTE
- PLOTE
- TELO
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Diaspora |
- British Tamils Forum
- Canadian Tamil Congress
- Federation of Tamil Sangams of North America
- Global Tamil Forum
- Tamils Against Genocide
- Tamil Youth Organisation
- Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam
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Society |
- Eelam
- Genetic studies
- Karaiyar
- Koviar
- Mukkuvar
- Nalavar
- Paraiyar
- Thesavalamai
- Vellalar
- Vedar
Culture |
- Cinema
- Representations in Indian cinema
- Literature
- News
- Saturday Review
- Sudar Oli
- Tamil Guardian
- TamilNet
- Tamil Times
- Thinakaran
- Thinakkural
- Uthayan
- Virakesari
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Diaspora |
- Australia
- Canada
- France
- Germany
- Italy
- India
- Malaysia
- New Zealand
- Pakistan
- United Kingdom
- United States
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Languages and dialects | |
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Religion |
- Hinduism
- Naguleswaram temple
- Nallur Kandaswamy temple
- Catholicism
- Shrine of Our Lady of Madhu
- Village deities
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Sport | |
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 Category |
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History |
- Old Tamil
- Middle Tamil
- Modern Tamil
- Manipravalam
- Proto-Dravidian
- Proto-South Dravidian
- Tamil Sangams
- First Sangam
- Second Sangam
- Third Sangam
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Dialects | |
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Global organizations |
- World Tamil Conference
- World Classical Tamil Conference 2010
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Literature | Classics |
- Sangam literature
- Tamil books of Law
- The Five Great Epics of Tamil Literature
- The Five Lesser Epics of Tamil Literature
- Ponniyin Selvan
- List of Sangam poets
- Commentaries in Tamil literary tradition
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Devotional Literature |
- Cīrappurānam
- Kampa Irāmāyaṉam
- Nālāyira Tivviya Pirapantam
- Tēmpāvaṉi
- Tirumurai
- Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
- Thiruppugazh
- Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
- Vinayagar Agaval
- Tamil Ganaptya Texts
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Poetry |
- Kural
- Venpa
- Iraichchi
- Akam
- Puram
- Thinai
- Ullurai
- Ulā
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Grammars and Dictionaries |
- Agattiyam
- Nannūl
- Nikantu books
- Purapporul Venbamaalai
- Tolkāppiyam
- Tivakāram
- Caturakarāti
- Tamil Lexicon dictionary
- Madurai Tamil Paeragaraadhi
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History | |
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Mathematics and Natural Science | |
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Tamil and other languages | |
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Scripts | |
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Lexis and grammar |
- Tamil grammar
- Tamil honorifics
- Tamil numerals
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Phonology |
- Tamil phonology
- Tamil onomatopoeia
- Tamil prosody
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Transliteration | |
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Events |
- Standardisation of Tamil script
- Tanittamil Iyakkam
- Simplified Tamil script
- Printing in Tamil language
- Ancient manuscript digitalisation
- Formation of CICT
- Project Madurai
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