lingvo.wikisort.org - Language
Blagar is a Papuan language of Pantar island in the Alor archipelago of Indonesia. The Tereweng dialect spoken on Treweng Island off the southeast coast of Pantar[2] is sometimes considered a separate language.[3]
| Blagar | |
|---|---|
| Tereweng | |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | Pantar Island |
Native speakers | 10,000 (2014)[1] |
Language family | Trans–New Guinea ?
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:beu – Blagartwg – Tereweng |
| Glottolog | blag1240 Blagartere1277 Tereweng |
| ELP | Blagar |
 Languages of the Alor Islands. Blagar is shown in yellow. | |
Use of the language is declining in favor of Indonesian.[4] In the 1970s Indonesian replaced Blagar as the language of the church and the mosque.[4] In the early 2000s the introduction of electricity on Pura Island further increased the influence of Indonesian.[4]
Phonology
Vowels
Blagar has five vowels, with a sharp contrast between short and long vowels.[4]
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| Close | /i/ /i:/ |
/u/ /u:/ |
| Mid | /e/ /e:/ |
/o/ /o:/ |
| Open | /a/ /a:/ | |
Consonants
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p b | t̪ d | k g | ʔ | |
| Implosive | ɓ | ||||
| Fricative | s z | h | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||
| Trill | r | ||||
| Lateral | l | ||||
| Approximant | j |
Grammar
Blagar is morphologically simple.[5] It has a limited number of pronouns, adverbs, particles, auxiliaries and clitics, but an unrestricted number of verbs and nouns.[5] Verbs can be transitive or intransitive, and nouns can be alienable or inalienable.[5] Nouns are placed before adjectives.[4]
Ne
1SG.POSS
koŋdo
shirt
boʔori.
yellow
My shirt is yellow.
Mehal
man
ʔaŋu
that
guru
teacher
niaŋ.
not
That man is not a teacher.
ʔana
3SG.SBJ
naiŋ
1SG.OBJ
bue.
hit
He/she hit me.
Na
1SG.SBJ
aiŋ
2SG.OBJ
bue
hit
niaŋ.
not
I didn't hit you.
Na
1SG.SBJ
ne
1SG.POSS
mol
banana
veŋ
with
niaŋ.
not
I don't have a banana.
Questions
ʔ-ene
3SG-name
nuba?
who
What's his/her name?
Id
star
ʔaŋa
this
ʔ-ene
3SG-name
naba?
what
What's the name of this star?
Vet
coconut
ʔaŋa
this
nuba
who
ʔe?
3SG.POSS
Whose coconut is this?
Writing system
The Blagar language uses the 26 letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet, and has two digraphs: ⟨ng⟩ and ⟨sy⟩.
| Uppercase letters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lowercase letters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z |
| IPA | /a/ | /b/ | /t͡ʃ/ | /d/ | /e/ | /f/ | /g/ | /h/ | /i/ | /d͡ʒ/ | /k/ | /l/ | /m/ | /n/ | /o/ | /p/ | /k/, /q/ | /r/~/ɾ/ | /s/ | /t/ | /u/ | /f/, /v/ | /w/ | /ks/ | /j/ | /s/, /z/ |
| Digraphs | ng | sy |
|---|---|---|
| IPA | /ŋ/ | /ʃ/ |
⟨c⟩, ⟨q⟩, ⟨x⟩, ⟨z⟩ and ⟨sy⟩ are only used in foreign place names and loanwords.[3]
Another writing system is also used, which is phonemic and is similar to the writing system of Indonesian.[6]
| Letters | a | b | b’ | d | e | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | ng | o | p | q | r | t | u | v | y |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPA | /a/ | /b/ | /ɓ/ | /d/ | /e/ | /g/ | /h/ | /i/ | /ɟ/, /ɟ͡ʝ/ | /k/ | /l/ | /m/ | /n/ | /ŋ/ | /o/ | /p/ | /ʔ/ | /r/ | /t/ | /u/ | /w/ | /j/ |
References
- "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 2018-06-06.
- "Tereweng". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-06-27.
- "Blagar alphabet, pronunciation [sic] and language". Omniglot. Retrieved 2018-06-27.
- Steinhauer, Hein (2014). "Blagar". In Schapper, Antoinette (ed.). The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1: Sketch Grammars. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 147–219. ISBN 9781614515241.
- H. Steinhauer. ""Going" and "Coming" in the Blagar of Dolap (Pura--Alor--Indonesia) 1)" (PDF). SEAlang. Retrieved 2018-06-28.
- Steinhauer, Hein; Gomang, Hendrik D.R. (2016). Kamus Blagar-Indonesia-Inggris: Blagar-Indonesian-English Dictionary. ISBN 978-602-433-356-0.
Further reading
- Steinhauer, Hein; Gomang, Hendrik D.R. (2016). Kamus Blagar-Indonesia-Inggris: Blagar-Indonesian-English Dictionary. ISBN 978-602-433-356-0.
External links
 |
For a list of words relating to Blagar language, see the Blagar language category of words in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
 |
Blagar language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator |
- Alphabet and pronunciation
- Audio speech of the Pura dialect of Blagar
- Description of the Blagar language
- Blagar Swadesh list at TransNewGuinea.org
- Blagar Swadesh List by The Rosetta Project at the Internet Archive
- Genesis, Mark, and Acts in the Pura dialect of the Blagar language of Indonesia
- Blagar Dadibira Collection at The Language Archive
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