lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageYali (Yaly, Jalè, Jaly) is a Papuan language of Indonesian New Guinea. The Yali people live east of the Baliem Valley, in the Western Highlands.
Dani language spoken in Indonesia
Yali |
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Native to | Indonesia |
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Region | Highlands of Irian Jaya |
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Ethnicity | Yali |
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Native speakers | (30,000 cited 1988–1999)[1] |
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Language family | |
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ISO 639-3 | Variously:
yli – Anggurk Yali
nlk – Ninia Yali
yac – Pass Valley Yali |
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Glottolog | yali1257 |
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Dialectical differentiation is great enough that Ethnologue assigns separate codes to three varieties:
- Pass Valley, also known as Abendago, North Ngalik, and Western Yali; subdialects are Pass Valley, Landikma, Apahapsili.
- Ninia, also known as North Ngalik and Southern Yali (Yali Selatan).
- Angguruk, also known as Northern Yali.
However, almost nothing is known of this language. Not even the pronouns were attested for Ross (2005) to base a classification on.
Siegfried Zoellner, a German missionary, has between 1960 and 1973 translated the bible into the Yali language.
Phonology
The phonology of the Yali language:[2]
Consonants
|
Bilabial |
Alveolar |
Palatal |
Velar |
Glottal |
Nasal |
m |
n |
|
|
|
Plosive |
plain |
b |
d |
|
k ɡ |
|
prenasal |
ᵐb |
ⁿd |
|
ᵑɡ |
|
aspirated |
pʰ |
tʰ |
|
|
|
implosive |
|
ɗ |
|
|
|
Fricative |
f |
s |
|
|
h |
Lateral |
|
l |
|
|
|
Semivowel |
w |
|
j |
|
|
A /ɡ/ sound at the end of words is pronounced /ʁ/.
Vowels
|
Front |
Central |
Back |
Close |
i |
|
u |
Mid |
e |
|
o |
Low |
|
a |
|
Basic words and phrases
The following is a list of basic words and phrases in the Yali language:
- howam fano wellahen - how are you
- waa waa - thank you
- ninim ar - you're welcome
- nomin - friend
- fano - good
- ari - that
- du - this
- eke - and
- nune - speak/talk
- inune - language
- nare - man
- nowam - my news/state
- howam - your (sg.) news/state
- wellahi - for myself
- wellahen - for yourself
- wallahen - for him/herself
- wallahi - for ourselves
- wellahep - for yourselves/themselves
- fam - *end of statement particle
- an nahien - I am pleased
- an ari nindi - I like that
- an den angge - I have
- ar an nomin - S/he is my friend
- an nomini - They are my friends
- ar nomin fano - S/he is a good friend
- ir an nomini Amerikoan - My friends are from America
- an nune Yali inune fam - I speak Yali
Pronouns
Personal pronouns of the Yali language
Free pronouns
|
Singular |
Plural |
1st person |
an |
nir |
2nd person |
har |
hir |
3rd person |
ar |
ir |
References
- Anggurk Yali at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Ninia Yali at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Pass Valley Yali at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - Fahner, Christiaan (1979). The Morphology of Yali and Dani: A Descriptive and Comparative Analysis.
- Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". In Andrew Pawley; Robert Attenborough; Robin Hide; Jack Golson (eds.). Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.
References
- Zöllner, Siegfried; Zöllner, Ilse (2017). Riesberg, Sonja (ed.). A Yali (Angguruk) – German Dictionary / Wörterbuch Yali (Angguruk) – Deutsch. A-PL 37. Canberra: Asia-Pacific Linguistics. hdl:1885/127381. ISBN 978-1-922185-39-6.
West Trans–New Guinea languages |
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Dani | |
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Paniai Lakes | |
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West Bomberai | |
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Timor–Alor–Pantar | East Timor | |
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Alor–Pantar | |
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Others | |
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