Franz Miklosich (German: Franz Ritter von Miklosich, also known in Slovene as Franc Miklošič; 20 November 1813 – 7 March 1891) was a Slovene philologist.

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Franz Miklosich
Franz Miklosich
Born	(1813-11-20)November 20, 1813 Radomerščak, Ljutomer, Austrian Empire (now Slovenia)
Died	March 7, 1891(1891-03-07) (aged 77) Vienna, Austria-Hungary (now Austria)
Nationality	Slovenian
Other names	Franz Xaver Ritter von Miklosich
Citizenship	Austrian
Occupation	philologist

Early life

Miklosich was born in the small village of Radomerščak near the Lower Styrian town of Ljutomer, then part of the Austrian Empire, and baptized Franz Xav. Mikloschitsh.[1] He graduated from the University of Graz with a doctor of philosophy degree.

Career

He was a professor of philosophy at the University of Graz. In 1838, he went to the University of Vienna, where he received a doctor of law decree.[2] During his studies, he became influenced by the works of the Slovenian philologist and linguist Jernej Kopitar. He abandoned law, devoting most of his later life to the study of Slavic languages.[2]

In 1844, he obtained a post at the Imperial Library of Vienna, where he remained until 1862. In 1844, he published a review of Franz Bopp's book Comparative Grammar, which attracted attention from the Viennese academic circles. This publication then launched a long series of works, in which Miklosich showed immense erudition. His works led to a revolutionary change in the study of Slavic languages.

In 1849 Miklosich was appointed to the newly created chair of Slavic philology at the University of Vienna, and he occupied it until 1886. He became a member of the Academy of Vienna, which appointed him secretary of its historical and philosophical section, a member of the council of public instruction and of the upper house, and correspondent of the French Academy of Inscriptions and Humanities. His numerous writings deal not only with the Slavic languages, but also with Romanian, Aromanian, Albanian, Greek, and Romani.[2][3]

From 1872 to 1880, Miklosich published his original survey of Romani dialects, Über die Mundarten und Wanderungen der Zigeuner Europas. This work included a discussion of their origins, migration routes, an historical-comparative grammar, and a lexicon. He identified a substantial Greek element that was shared by the Romani dialects, and thus named a "Greek-speaking area" as the "European homeland of the Gypsies".[4]

In 1883, on the occasion of his 70th birthday, he received a medal commissioned by the Austrian Academy of Sciences.[5]

Political engagement

In the Spring of Nations of 1848, Miklosich, who was 35 at the time, actively engaged in the Slovene national movement. He was the chairman of the political association, called Slovenija (Slovenia) organized by Slovene students that studied in Graz and Vienna. Together with Matija Majar and Lovro Toman, he was among the authors who elaborated the political demand for a United Slovenia. After the failure of the revolutionary requests, he again turned to exclusively academic activity.

Selected bibliography

• Radices linguae Slovenicae. Veteris dialecti. Leipzig: In Libraria Weidmannia. 1845.
• Lexicon linguae Slovenicae. Veteris dialecti. Vienna. 1850.
• Vergleichende Formenlehre der slavischen Sprachen (in German). 1856.
• Monumenta Serbica Spectantia Historiam Serbiae, Bosniae, Ragusii (in Serbian). Vienna. 1858.
• Miklosich, Franz (1856). Die Sprache der Bulgaren in Siebenbürgen (in German). Vienna. pp. 105–146.
• "Die Bildung der slavischen Personennamen". Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-Historische Classe (in German). Vienna: Kaiserlich-Königlichen Hof- und Staatsdruckerei. 1860.
• Lexicon palaeoslovenico-graeco-latinum: emendatum auctum. Vienna: Guilelmus Braumueller. 1862–1865.
• Die Bildung der Ortsnamen aus Personennamen im Slavischen (in German). Vienna. 1864.
• Slavischen Monatsnamen (in German). Vienna. 1867.
• Über die Mundarten und die Wanderungen der Zigeuner Europa's (in German). Vienna. 1872.
• Altslovenische Lautlehre (in German). Vienna. 1878.
• Miklošič, Franc (1883). Geschichte der Lautbezeichnung im Bulgarischen (in German). Vienna.
• Etymologisches Wörterbuch der slavischen Sprachen (in German). Vienna. 1886.
• Vergleichende Grammatik der slavischen Sprachen (in German). Vol. 1. Vienna. 1879.
• Vergleichende Grammatik der slavischen Sprachen (in German). Vol. 2. Vienna. 1875.
• Vergleichende Grammatik der slavischen Sprachen (in German). Vol. 3. Vienna. 1876.
• Vergleichende Grammatik der slavischen Sprachen (in German). Vol. 4. Vienna. 1868–1874.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Franz Miklosich.

• Austroslavism
• Culture of Slovenia
• Vienna Literary Agreement

Notes

Further reading

• Franz Miklosich (Lemma by Katja Sturm-Schnabl, p. 186–193) in: Marija Mitrović, Die Geschichte der slowenischen Literatur von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart. Aus dem Serbokroatischen übersetzt, redaktionell bearbeitet und mit ausgewählten Lemmata und Anmerkungen ergänzt von Katja Sturm-Schnabl. Klagenfurt: Mohorjeva-Hermagoras, 2001. ISBN 978-3-85013-834-5 <http://www.hermagoras.at>.
• Walter Lukan (ed.): Franz Miklosich (Miklošič): neue Studien und Materialien anläßlich seines 100. Todestages. Vienna 1991 (= Österreichische Osthefte: Sonderheft 33).
• Katja Sturm-Schnabl, Der Briefwechsel Franz Miklosich's mit den Südslaven = Korespondenca Frana Miklošiča z Južnimi Slovani, Obzorja, Maribor 1991, XXIV, 855 S., ISBN 86-377-0565-0.
• Katja Sturm-Schnabl, Franz Miklosich als Wegbegleiter bei der Entstehung der ukrainischen Schriftsprache. In: Juliane Besters-Dilger, Michael Moser, Stefan Simonek (eds.), Sprache und Literatur der Ukraine zwischen Ost und West – Мова та література України між сходом і заходом. Bern: Lang 2000, 195–209.
• Katja Sturm-Schnabl, Franz Miklosich – ein "Europäer" im 19. Jahrhundert. Short version http://www.inst.at/studies/s_0104_d.htm
• Katja Sturm-Schnabl, Fran Miklošič, An Early Visionary of European Integration in Philological Studies. The Difficult Path Towards the Acceptance of the Concept of Diversity and Plurality. http://cf.hum.uva.nl/natlearn/
• Katja Sturm-Schnabl, Aktualnost Miklošičevega znanstvenega dela in misli. In: Jezikoslovni zapiski. Glasilo Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU 10.2 (2004), 19–46.
• "Miklosich, Franz von" . Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.

На других языках

[ru] Миклошич, Франц