lingvo.wikisort.org - Language

The Oroch language is an critically endangered language spoken by the Oroch people in Siberia. It is a member of the southern group of the Tungusic languages and is closely related to the Nanai language and Udege language. It is or was spoken in the Khabarovsk Krai (Komsomolsky, Sovetskaya Gavan, and Ulchsky districts). The language is split into three dialects: Tumninsky, Khadinsky, and Hungarisky. At the beginning of the 21st century, a written form of the language was created. The Russian government and the scientific field disagree on whether the language is living or extinct.[2]

Oroch
Орочи кэсэни
Native to	Russia
Region	Russian Far East
Ethnicity	600 Orochs (2010 census)[1]
Native speakers	339 (2010 census / 2008 estimation)[1]
Language family	Tungusic Udegheic Oroch
Writing system	Cyrillic
Language codes
ISO 639-3	oac
Glottolog	oroc1248
ELP	Oroch
Oroch is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Genealogical and areal characteristics

According to the 2002 Census, there were 257 speakers of the Oroch language, however, this data is known to be erroneous due to confusion with the similarly-named Orok language. According to the 2010 Census, there were 8 people speakers. However, according to researchers, by the late 1990s, even the oldest Orochi could only utter a few phrases. The Association of Indigenous Peoples of the Khabarovsk Krai stated that the last fluent speaker of the Oroch language died in 2008. In 2010, this association held a meeting of elderly Orochi, who together were able to remember only about 20 Oroch words, and could not count to ten.[2]

Orthography

А а	Б б	В в	Г г	Д д	Е е	Ё ё	Ж ж
З з	И и	Й й	К к	Л л	М м	Н н	Ӈ ӈ
О о	П п	Р р	С с	Т т	У у	Ф ф	Х х
Ц ц	Ч ч	Ш ш	Щ щ	Ъ ъ	Ы ы	Ь ь	Э э
Ю ю	Я я

Phonology

Vowels[3]

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i iː		u uː ʊ ʊː
Mid		ə əː	ɔ ɔː
Open	æː	a aː

Consonants[4]

		Bilabial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar
Nasal		m	n	ɲ	ŋ
Plosive	voiceless	p	t	tʃ	k
	voiced	b	d	dʒ~ʒ	ɡ
Fricative	voiceless		s		x
	voiced	v			ɣ
Rhotic			r
Lateral			l
Approximant				j

References

Bibliography

External links

• Unesco – Oroch language (In Russian)

На других языках

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[de] Orotschische Sprache

Die orotschische Sprache ist eine tungusische Sprache, die in der Amur-Region im Fernen Osten Russlands gesprochen wird. Sie ist mit der ewenkischen und der mandschurischen Sprache verwandt, am nächsten steht ihr die udeheische Sprache. Die Zahl der Muttersprachler wurde 1995 auf 100 bis 150 geschätzt, die zu einer ethnischen Gruppe von etwa 900 Personen, den Orotschen, gehören. Die Sprache besitzt kein Alphabet und keine Literatur. Die orotschische Sprache ist heute stark bedroht.

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- [en] Oroch language

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[fr] Orotche

L'orotche est une langue toungouse qui est aujourd'hui parlée par quelques locuteurs Orotches en Russie sibérienne, dans le krai de Khabarovsk. La langue est particulièrement menacée.

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[it] Lingua oroch

L'oroch (da non confondere con la lingua orok parlata, sempre in Russia, ma sull'isola di Sachalin) è una lingua appartenente alla famiglia linguistica tungusa parlata nella Russia siberiana, in particolare nel krai di Chabarovsk. Oggigiorno, la lingua è parlata da qualche centinaio di locutori di etnia Oroci, anche se al censimento del 2010, solo 8 persone si dichiaravano monolinguiste[1], per cui la lingua corre grossi rischi di estinzione, in quanto soffre del processo di deriva linguistica verso il russo, per cui i giovani parlano quest'ultimo idioma a scapito di quello tradizionale[1].

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[ru] Орочский язык

О́рочский язы́к (ранее Ороченский язык) — язык орочей. Относится к южной группе тунгусо-маньчжурских языков, близок к нанайскому и удэгейскому языкам. Был распространён в Хабаровском крае (Комсомольский, Совгаванский, Ульчский районы). Численность говорящих на орочском языке согласно переписи 2010 — 8 человек. По данным переписи 2002 года орочским языком владело 257 человек (данные ошибочные[2]). Согласно исследованиям, в настоящее время язык полностью вымер[2]. Первоначально язык распадался на 3 диалекта: тумнинский, хадинский, хунгарийский. В начале 2000-х гг. была создана письменность для орочского языка. Выпущен учебник.

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