lingvo.wikisort.org - Language

Huasteca Nahuatl is a Nahuan language spoken by over a million people in the region of La Huasteca in Mexico, centered in the states of Hidalgo (Eastern) and San Luis Potosí (Western).[2]

Huasteca Nahuatl
Native to	Mexico
Region	La Huasteca (San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz)
Native speakers	(1.0 million cited 1991–2000)[1]
Language family	Uto-Aztecan Aztecan (Nahuan) Nahuatl Huasteca Nahuatl
Writing system	Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3	Variously: nhe – Eastern (Veracruz) nch – Central nhw – Western (Tamazunchale)
Glottolog	huas1257
ELP	Western Huasteca Nahuatl

Ethnologue divides Huasteca Nahuatl into three languages: Eastern, Central, and Western, as they judge that separate literature is required, but notes that there is 85% mutual intelligibility between Eastern and Western. Half of Eastern speakers know no Spanish.[3]

XEANT-AM radio broadcasts in Huasteca Nahuatl.

Demographics

Huasteca Nahuatl is spoken in the following municipalities in the states of Hidalgo, Veracruz, and San Luis Potosí.[4]

Hidalgo (121,818 speakers)

• Huejutla Reyes (56,377 speakers)
• Huautla (18,444 speakers)
• Yahualica (14,584 speakers)
• Xochiatipan (12,990 speakers)
• Atlapexco (12,445 speakers)
• Jaltocan (6,978 speakers)

Veracruz (98,162 speakers)

• Chicontepec (41,678 speakers)
• Ixhuatlán de Madero (21,682 speakers)
• Benito Juárez (11,793 speakers)
• Ilamantlan (9,689 speakers)
• Ixcatepec (6,949 speakers)
• Zontecomatlán (6,371 speakers)

San Luis Potosí (108,471 speakers)

• Tamazunchale (35,773 speakers)
• Axtla de Terrazas (17,401 speakers)
• Xilitla (16,646 speakers)
• Matlapa (16,286 speakers)
• Coxcatlan (12,300 speakers)
• Chalchicuautla (10,065 speakers)

Phonology

The following description is that of Eastern Huasteca.

Vowels

	Front	Back
High	i iˑ
Mid-high	e eˑ
Mid-low		o oˑ
Low	a aˑ

Consonants

Huasteca Nahuatl consonants

	Labial	Alveolar		Palatal	Velar		Glottal
		central	lateral		plain	labialized
Nasal	m	n
Plosive	p	t			k, ɡ	kʷ	ʔ
Affricate		ts	tɬ	tʃ
Continuant		s		ʃ			h
Semivowel				j		w
Liquid		r	l

Orthography

Huasteca Nahuatl currently has several proposed orthographies, most prominent among them those of the Instituto de Docencia e Investigación Etnológica de Zacatecas (IDIEZ),[5] Mexican government publications, and the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL).[6]

IDIEZ

• Their orthography is based on the evolution of Classical Nahuatl. It is somewhat of a deep orthography based on morphology since it aims to provide a unified system across regions.
• uses ⟨ca⟩, ⟨que⟩, ⟨qui⟩, ⟨co⟩ for /k/
• takes morphology into account
• uses ⟨za⟩, ⟨ce⟩, ⟨ci⟩, ⟨zo⟩ for /s/
• uses ⟨h⟩ for /h/

Mexican government publications

• Is influenced by modern Spanish conventions and is a very surface-based orthography. It aims to provide easy literacy across regions but with a different writing system in each one.
• uses ⟨k⟩ for /k/
• does not take morphology into account
• uses ⟨s⟩ for /s/
• uses ⟨j⟩ for /h/

SIL

• Somewhat based on modern Spanish conventions, mostly surface-based orthography as well but does not completely dispose of Classical Nahuatl conventions.
• uses ⟨ca⟩, ⟨que⟩, ⟨qui⟩, ⟨co⟩ for /k/
• does not take morphology into account
• uses ⟨s⟩ for /s/
• uses ⟨j⟩ for /h/

Sample text: 'a book about my location.'

• IDIEZ: ce tlahcuilolli tleh campa niitztoc.
• Government: se tlajkuiloli tlej kampa niitstok
• SIL: se tlajcuiloli tlej campa niitztoc

Notes

References

• Stiles, Neville Náhuatl in the Huasteca Hidalguense: A Case Study in the Sociology of Language (1983) PhD Thesis, University of St. Andrews, Scotland.

На других языках

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- [en] Huasteca Nahuatl

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[es] Mexicano de la Huasteca

El mexicano de la Huasteca (autoglotónimo: mexkatl), náhuatl huasteco o nahua del norte es la variedad de dialectos del idioma náhuatl o mexicano hablada por los nahuas de la Huasteca (región ubicada en el norte de Veracruz, el sureste de San Luis Potosí, el norte del Puebla y el este de Hidalgo) y por los huastecos como segunda lengua.[2] Es, además, la variante más hablada.[3]

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[ru] Уастекский науатль

Уастеканский науатль (Huasteca Nahuatl) — диалектный континуум языка науатль, на котором говорит один миллион человек в регионе Ла-Уастека, который сосредоточен в штатах Веракрус, Идальго (восточно-уастеканский), Пуэбла и Сан-Луис-Потоси (западно-уастеканский). Справочник Ethnologue разделяет уастекский науатль на три языка: восточный, западный и центральный, где между восточным и западным взаимопонятность составляет 85 %. Половина говорящих на восточном диалекте не говорят по-испански.

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