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Shawiya, or Shawiya Berber, also spelt Chaouïa (native form: Tacawit [θæʃæwiθ]), is a Zenati Berber language spoken in Algeria by the Shawiya people. The language's primary speech area is the Awras Mountains in Eastern Algeria and the surrounding areas, including parts of Western Tunisia, including Batna, Khenchela, Sétif, Oum El Bouaghi, Souk Ahras, Tébessa and the northern part of Biskra. It is closely related to the Shenwa language of Central Algeria.

Shawiya
Chaouïa
Tacawit
Pronunciation[θæʃæwɪθ]
Native toAlgeria
RegionAurès Mountains ( Batna, Khenchela, Oum El Bouaghi, Souk Ahras, Tébessa, Biskra)
Native speakers
2,130,000 (2016)[1]
Language family
Afro-Asiatic
  • Berber
    • Northern
      • Zenati
        • Shawiya
Writing system
  • Latin script
  • Tifinagh
Language codes
ISO 639-3shy
Glottologtach1249
Geographic distribution of Shawiya dialects in northeastern Algeria
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Language


The Shawiya people call their language Tacawit (Thashawith) ([θʃæwɪθ] or [hʃæwɪθ]). Estimates of number of speakers range from 1.4 to 3 million speakers.[2][3]

The French spelling of Chaouïa is commonly seen, due to the influence of French conventions on Algeria. Other spellings are "Chaoui", "Shawia", "Tachawit", "Thachawith", "Tachaouith" and "Thchèwith". In Shawiya, the leading /t/ – pronounced [θ] in that phonetic environment – is often reduced to an /h/, so the native name is often heard as Hašawiθ.

Shawiya Berber was, until recently, an unwritten language and rarely taught at school. As the Shawiya people were predominantly rural and secluded, they often code-switch to Algerian Arabic, French or even English to discuss non-traditional technology and sociological concerns.

Recently, the Shawiya language, together with the Kabyle language, has begun to achieve some cultural and media prominence thanks to the Berber cultural and political movements in Algeria and to the introduction of Berber language education in some public schools.


Phonology



Vowels


Front Central Back
High i u
Mid ə
Low a

Consonants


Bilabial Labio-
dental
Dental Alveolar Palato-
alveolar
Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
plain phar. plain phar. plain lab. plain lab.
Nasal m n (nʲ) (nʷ)
Plosive voiceless (t̪) t̪ˤ (k) q
voiced (b) (d̪) (d̪ˤ) (ɡ) (ɡʷ)
Fricative voiceless f θ θˤ s ʃ ç (çᶣ) x ħ h
voiced β ð ðˤ z ʒ ʝ (ʝᶣ) ʁ ʕ
Trill r
Approximant l j w

Orthography



Latin alphabet



Tifinagh alphabet



Bibliography



References


  1. "Tachawit". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-06-01.
  2. Shawiya language at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  3. "Document sans titre". Archived from the original on 2009-06-11. Retrieved 2009-09-08.
  4. Penchoen 1973.
  5. "Shawiya language, alphabet, and pronunciation". Omniglot. Retrieved 30 June 2021.



На других языках


- [en] Shawiya language

[es] Idioma chaouis

El idioma chaoui (en chaoui: Tacawit) es una lengua afroasiática bereber septentrional, perteneciente a las lenguas zenati habladas en Argelia, Marruecos, Túnez y Libia.[3][4] El pueblo chaoui (en lenguas bereberes: Icawiyen, Shawiya, Tacawit) son un grupo étnico amazigh procedente de África del Norte.

[fr] Chaoui

Le chaoui (en berbère : ⵝⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵝ ou ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ[1] ou Tacawit) est une langue afro-asiatique, de la famille des langues amazighes, parlée en Algérie par les Chaouis habitant les Aurès et régions attenantes.

[it] Lingua tashawit

La lingua tashawit è una lingua berbera parlata in Algeria, parlata nel massiccio montuoso dell'Aurès.

[ru] Шауйя (язык)

Шауйя (также шауйа; англ. shawiya, фр. chaoui, самоназвание tachawit) — язык зенетской группы северноберберской ветви берберо-ливийской семьи[2][3], распространённый в северо-восточной части Алжира (на границе с Тунисом) — главным образом в горах Орес. Язык берберского народа шауйя (на языке шауйя — išawiyen). Выделяется несколько диалектов: диалекты Батны, Айн Бейды, Арриса и Хеншелы. Численность носителей — около 1,4 млн человек (1993)[1].



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