Umbugarla or Mbukarla is a possible Australian language isolate once spoken by three people in Arnhem Land, northern Australia, in 1981, and is now extinct.
| Umbugarla | |
|---|---|
| Mbukarla | |
| Region | Northern Territory |
| Extinct | ca. 2000; with the death of Butcher Knight |
Language family | Darwin
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | umr |
| Glottolog | umbu1235 |
| AIATSIS[1] | N43 |
| ELP | Umbugarla |
historic distribution of Umbugarla | |
Umbugarla was once considered a language isolate (together with Ngurmbur as a dialect), but Mark Harvey has made a case for it being part of a family of Darwin Region languages.[2]
Australian Aboriginal and Tasmanian languages | |||||||||||||||||
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| Pama–Nyungan subgroups |
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| Tangkic | |||||||||||||||||
| Garrwan | |||||||||||||||||
| Macro-Gunwinyguan ? |
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| Iwaidjan |
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| Marrku–Wurrugu ? | |||||||||||||||||
| Darwin Region ? |
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| Daly River Sprachbund |
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| Mirndi |
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| Jarrakan |
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| Bunuban |
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| Worrorran | |||||||||||||||||
| Nyulnyulan |
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| isolates | |||||||||||||||||
| Tasmanian family-level groups |
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