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Classical Mongolian was the literary language of Mongolian which was first introduced shortly after 1600, when Ligdan Khan set his clergy the task of translating the whole of the Tibetan Buddhist canon, consisting of the Kanjur and Tanjur, into Mongolian.[1] This script then became the established literary language used for all Mongolian literature since its introduction, until the 1930s when the Mongolian Latin script was established, which then in 1941 was replaced by the Mongolian Cyrillic script.[2]

Classical Mongolian
Native to	Mongolia, China, Russia
Era	1700–1900; developed into modern Mongolian
Language family	Mongolic Classical Mongolian
Early form	Middle Mongolian
Language codes
ISO 639-3	cmg
Linguist List	cmg
Glottolog	None

Classical Mongolian was formerly used in Mongolia, China, and Russia. It is a standardized written language used in the 18th century and 20th centuries. Notable texts include the translation of the Kanjur and Tanjur and several chronicles roughly between 1700 and 1900.[3]

Classical Mongolian sometimes refers to any language documents in Mongolian script that are neither Pre-classical (i.e. Middle Mongol in Mongolian script) nor modern Mongolian.[4]

Notes

• Grønbech, Kaare; Krueger, John Richard (1993). An Introduction to Classical (literary) Mongolian: Introduction, Grammar, Reader, Glossary. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-03298-8.
• Janhunen, Juha (2003). "Written Mongol". In Janhunen, J. (ed.). The Mongolic languages. Routledge Language Family Series. Vol. 5. London: Routledge. pp. 30–56. ISBN 978-0-700-71133-8.

See also

• Middle Mongolian

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