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The Lach dialects, also known as Lachian dialects (Czech: lašská nářečí, lašstina, Polish: gwary laskie), are a group of West Slavic dialects that form a transition between the Polish and Czech language. They are spoken in parts of Czech Silesia, the Hlučín Region, and northeastern Moravia,[1] as well as in some adjacent villages in Poland.[2] Most Czech researchers consider Lach a dialect of Czech, whereas Polish dialectologists tend to ascribe Polish origins to Lach.[3]

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (March 2009) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the German article. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 9,367 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at [[:de:Lachische Sprache]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|de|Lachische Sprache}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Lachian is divided into numerous subdialects (Western, Eastern and Southern), it can therefore also be regarded as a dialect continuum, with limited mutual intelligibility between the eastern and western dialects. This dialectal differentiation is not typical for the Czech Republic, where there is a good deal of dialect leveling, especially in the west of the republic.

Most Lachs, especially younger speakers, now speak standard Czech, and use it as a written language, while Lach remains the language of everyday speech. Lachian contains many German loanwords, according to some sources,^[which?] up to 8% of the vocabulary.

The poet Óndra Łysohorsky is probably the best-known writer in a Lachian dialect. Łysohorsky was notable for refusing to write in Standard Czech, instead writing in the local dialect of Upper Silesia. In doing so, he contributed significantly to the development of the Lach literary language.[4]

Example text

Example text (Óndra Łysohorsky)[5]
Lach	Czech	Polish	English
Lašsky jazyk, w širokych rysach, je młuva ludu w sewerowychodnej Morawě, w starym "Rakuskym Ślónsku" a w Hučinsku. Od zapadniho jazyka českeho a połedniho jazyka slowénskeho śe rozeznowo hławně akcéntém na předostatni słabice, od wychodniho jazyka polskeho hławně ňedostatkém nosowych samohłosek	Lašský jazyk, v širokých rysech, je řeč lidí na severovýchodní Moravě, ve starém "Rakouském Slezsku" a na Hlučínsku. Od západního jazyka českého a jižního jazyka slovenského se rozezná hlavně akcentem na předposlední slabice, od východního jazyka polského hlavně nepřitomností nosových samohlásek	Język laski, w szerokim zarysie, to mowa ludu na północno-wschodnich Morawach, na starym "Śląsku Austriackim" i na ziemi hulczyńskiej. Od zachodniego języka czeskiego i południowego języka słowackiego różni się przede wszystkim akcentem na przedostatnią sylabę. Od wschodniego języka polskiego w szczególności nieobecnością nosowych samogłosek.	The Lachian language, generally characterised, is the speech of the people of northeastern Moravia, old "Austrian Silesia", and the Hlučín district. It is distinguished from the Czech language in the west and the Slovak language in the south chiefly by the stress on the penultimate syllable, from the Polish language in the east chiefly by the absence of nasal vowels.

See also

• Cieszyn Silesian dialect
• Lachian Dances
• Silesian language
• Sulkovian dialect

Footnotes

References

• Hannan, Kevin (Winter 1996). "The Lachian Literary Language of Óndra Łysohorsky". The Slavic and East European Journal. 40 (4): 726–743. doi:10.2307/310109. JSTOR 310109.

На других языках

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[de] Lachische Sprache

Das Lachische (lachische Sprache, tschechisch lašský jazyk, polnisch laskie gwary, język laski oder lechicki;[1] nicht zu verwechseln mit dem Oberbegriff lechische Sprachen) ist eine Dialektgruppe der westslawischen Sprachen, die in Teilen Tschechisch-Schlesiens sowie im Hultschiner Ländchen, jedoch auch im südlich angrenzenden östlichen Nordmähren sowie im polnischen Oberschlesien in der Region südlich der Stadt Racibórz um Krzanowice gesprochen wird. Die meisten tschechischen Forscher betrachten es als Mundart des mährischen Dialekts der tschechischen Sprache. Die Sprache weckte auch die Neugier von vielen polnischen Dialektologen, die in diesem Übergangsdialekt zahlreiche polnisch-linguistische Einflüsse betrachteten.[2][3]

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- [en] Lach dialects

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