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Bari is the Nilotic language of the Karo people, spoken over large areas of Central Equatoria state in South Sudan, across the northwest corner of Uganda, and into the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Bari
Karo, Kutuk
RegionSouth Sudan
EthnicityBari people
Native speakers
750,000 (2000–2014)[1]
Language family
Nilo-Saharan?
  • Eastern Sudanic
    • Nilotic
      • Eastern Nilotic
        • Bari
Dialects
Language codes
ISO 639-3bfa
Glottologbari1284

Bari is spoken by several distinct tribes: the Bari people themselves, the Pojulu, Kakwa, Nyangwara, Mundari, and Kuku. Each has its own dialect. The language is therefore sometimes called Karo or Kutuk ('mother tongue') rather than Bari.

Bari is a tone language. It has vowel harmony, subject–verb–object word order, and agglutinative verbal morphology with some suppletion. A very competent dictionary and grammar were published in the 1930s, but are very difficult to find today. More recently, a dissertation has been published on Bari tonal phonology, and another dissertation on Bari syntax is available.


Dialects


Dialects are:


Phonology


Bari has a cross-height[clarification needed] vowel-harmony system.[2]


Orthography


The Bari alphabet is used by the Bari and Kuku in South Sudan. There are four digraphs, 'B, 'D, 'Y and Ny, and the letter eng, Ŋ.

Bari alphabet
Uppercase AB'BD'DEGJIY'YKLMNŊNyOÖPRSTUW
Lowercase ab'bd'degjiy'yklmnŋnyoöprstuw
Bari special characters
Uppercase ŊÖ
Lowercase ŋö
Alternatives ngo
Uppercase Unicode (hexadecimal) 014A 00D6
Lowercase Unicode (hexadecimal) 014B 00F6
Unicode Character Code Chart Latin Extended A Latin-1

References


  1. Bari at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. SIL Bibliography: Yokwe and Hall 1981

General References


  1. Bari Language, Sudan Primer: Sillabari Ko Kutuk Na Bari. The Catholic Press Institute. Juba, Sudan.
  2. Owen, R.C.R. Bari grammar and vocabulary. 1908. OCLC: 25040516
  3. Spagnolo, Lorenzo M. Bari grammar. 1933. Verona, Missioni Africane.. OCLC: 34898784
  4. Yokwe, Eluzai. The tonal grammar of Bari. Doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 1987.



На других языках


[de] Bari (Sprache)

Bari (auch Beri genannt) ist eine ostnilotische Sprache, die vor allem in der Region al-Istiwa'iyya al-wusta in Südsudan gesprochen wird.
- [en] Bari language

[fr] Bari (langue nilotique)

Le bari est une langue nilo-saharienne de la branche des langues nilotiques orientales parlée au Soudan du Sud et en Ouganda.



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