lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageHeiltsuk-Oowekyala is a Northern Wakashan (Kwakiutlan) language spoken in the Central Coast region of the Canadian province of British Columbia, spoken by the Wuikinuxv (Oweekeno) and Heiltsuk peoples. It has two dialects, Heiltsuk (Bella Bella) and Oowekyala (Wuikyala), which unlike other Wakashan languages are tonal. It has no traditional name, so the hyphenated construction Heiltsuk-Oowekyala is used by linguists. Ethnologue calls this language "Heiltsuk", with the Bella Bella dialect (Heiltsuk) labelled "Northern Heiltsuk" and the Oowekyala dialect labeled "Southern Heiltsuk".
Northern Wakashan language
Heiltsuk-Oowekyala |
---|
Region | Northern Central Coast Regional District, British Columbia, Canada |
---|
Ethnicity | 2,530 Heiltsuk and Oowekyala people (2014, FPCC)[1] |
---|
Native speakers | 60 Heiltsuk and 6 Oowekyala (2014, FPCC)[1] |
---|
Language family | |
---|
Dialects |
|
---|
|
ISO 639-3 | hei |
---|
Glottolog | heil1246 |
---|
ELP | Hailhzaqvla (Heiltsuk) |
---|
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. |
Heiltsuk [ɦiɬtsʰaqʷ] is spoken by the Bella Bella [pʰəlbálá] and Haihais [xíxís] peoples; Oowekyala [ʔuwíkʼala] by the Wuikinuxv [ʔuwikʼinuxʷ].
Phonology
Heiltsuk-Oowekyala, like Nuxálk (Bella Coola), allows long sequences of obstruents, as in the following 7-obstruent word from the Oowekyala variety:
- [t͡sʼkʷʼχtʰt͡ɬkʰt͡sʰ] 'the invisible one here-with-me will be short' (Howe 2000: 5)
- : kxlqsłcxʷ - you struck a match for me [2]
Writing system
The spelling adopted by the Heiltsuk Education Cultural Center was designed by John C. Rath, linguistic consultant Heiltsuk Cultural Center in the 1970s and 1980s.
Heiltsuk alphabet
b | p | p̓ | m | ṃ́ |
ṃ | m̓ | ṃ̓ | d | t |
t̓ | n | ṇ́ | ṇ | n̓ |
ṇ̓ | z | c | c̓ | λ |
ƛ | ƛ̓ | ɫ | l | ḷ́ |
ḷ | l̓ | ḷ̓ | g | k |
k̓ | x | y | í | i |
y̓ | i̓ | gv | kv | k̓v |
xv | w | u | ú | w̓ |
u̓ | ǧv | qv | q̓v | x̌v |
ǧ | q | q̓ | x̌ | h |
á | a | h̓ | a̓ |
In Rath's spelling, the lambda letters λ, ƛ, ƛ̓ can be replaced by dh, th, t̓h if they are not accessible on the keyboard. The same is true of ɫ, which can be replaced by lh.
Oowekyala alphabet [5]
a | b | c | c̓ | d |
dh | g | h | i | k |
kv | k̓ | k̓v | l | lh |
l̓ | m | m̓ | n | n̓ |
p | p̓ | q | qv | q̓ |
q̓v | s | t | th | t̓ |
t̓h | u | w | w̓ | x |
xv | x̌ | x̌v | y | y̓ |
z | ǎ | ǧ | ǧv | əl |
əm | ən |
References
External links
Bibliography
- Boas, Franz. (1928). Bella Bella texts. Columbia University contributions to anthropology (No. 5).
- Boas, Franz. (1932). Bella Bella tales. Memoirs of the American Folklore Society (No. 25).
- Hanuse, R., Sr.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (Eds.) (1983?). The Adjee and the Little Girl. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Hilton, Suzanne; & Rath, John C. (1982). Oowekeeno oral traditions. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada.
- Howe, Darin. (1998). Aspects of Heiltsuk laryngeal phonology. Ms., University of British Columbia.
- Howe, Darin Mathew (December 2000). Oowekyala segmental phonology (PDF) (PhD). University of British Columbia.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1983?). What time is it? Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1983?). Fishing at Rivers Inlet. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1983?). Qaquthanugva uikala. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1983?). Sisa'kvimas. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1983?). ’Katemxvs ’Wuik’ala. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Johnson, S.; Smith, H.; & Stevenson, D. (1984?). Oowekyala words. Rivers Inlet, BC: Oowekyala Language Project.
- Lincoln, Neville J.; & Rath, John C. (1980). North Wakashan comparative root list. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada.
- Poser, William J. (2003). The status of documentation for British Columbia native languages. Yinka Dene Language Institute Technical Report (No. 2). Vanderhoof, British Columbia: Yinka Dene Language Institute.
- Rath, John C. (1981). A practical Heiltsuk–English dictionary. Canadian Ethnology Service, Mercury Series paper (No. 75). Ottawa: National Museum of Man (now Hull, Quebec: Museum of Civilization).
- Rath, John (1986). Heiltsuk alphabet (PDF). Heiltsuk Cultural Education Centre.
- Stevenson, David. (1980). The Oowekeeno people: A cultural history. Ottawa, Ontario: National Museum of Man (now Hull, Quebec: Museum of Civilization). (Unpublished).
- Stevenson, David. (1982). The ceremonial names of the Oowekeeno people of Rivers Inlet. Ottawa, Ontario: National Museum of Man (now Hull, Quebec: Museum of Civilization). (Unpublished).
- Storie, Susanne. (Ed.). (1973). Oweekano Stories. (Special Collections: E99). Victoria: British Columbia Indian Advisory Committee.
- Windsor, Evelyn W. (1982). Oowekeeno oral traditions as told by the late chief Simon Walkus, Sr. Hilton, S.; & Rath, J. C. (Eds.). Mercury series (No. 84). Ottawa: National Museum of Man (now Hull, Quebec: Museum of Civilization).
Languages of Canada |
---|
Official languages | |
---|
Indigenous languages | |
---|
Pidgins, creoles and mixed | |
---|
Immigrant languages | |
---|
Sign languages | |
---|
На других языках
- [en] Heiltsuk-Oowekyala language
[fr] Heiltsuk-oowekyala
Le heiltsuk-oowekyala est une langue wakashane parlée par les Heiltsuks et les Wuikinuxv dans quelques villages côtiers proches de Bella Coola en Colombie-Britannique par 300 personnes en 1991[1]. Ses deux variantes principales sont le heiltsuk (Haíɫzaqvḷa, anciennement appelé bella-bella), parlé à Bella Bella et Klemtu, et le oowekyala (’Wùik̓ala), parlé à Rivers Inlet. Elles sont proches du haisla et du kwakwala, formant avec elles le groupe des langues wakashanes du Nord.
[ru] Хейлцук-увикяла
Хейлцук-увикяла (Heiltsuk-Oowekyala) — северовакашский (квакиутлский) язык, на котором говорят народы увикино и хейлцук, проживающие на центральном побережье провинции Британская Колумбия в Канаде. Имеет два диалекта, хейлцук и увикяла, которые в отличие от других вакашских языков в характерной особенности являются тональными. Справочник Ethnologue называет этот язык как «хейлцук» с диалектом белла-белла, обозначенным как «северный хейлцук», и увикяла, называемый как «южный хейлцук».
Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.
Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
2019-2024
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии