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Muinane is an indigenous American language spoken in Colombia.

Muinane
Muìnánɨ
Native to	Colombia
Region	Puerto Santander, Amazonas; between Caquetá River and Yari River in Caquetá Department
Ethnicity	550 (2007)[1]
Native speakers	150 (2007)[1]
Language family	?Bora–Witoto Boran Muinane
Language codes
ISO 639-3	bmr
Glottolog	muin1242
ELP	Muinane
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Classification

Muinane belongs to the Boran language family, along with Bora.

Geographic distribution

Muinane is spoken by 150 people in Colombia along the Upper Cahuinarí river in the Department of Amazonas. There may be some speakers in Peru.

Phonology

Consonants

Muinane consonant phonemes

	Bilabial	Alveolar	Postalveolar/ Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m	n	ɲ
Plosive	p b	t d	tʲ dʲ	k ɡ	ʔ
Affricate			tʃ dʒ
Fricative	ɸ β	s	ʃ j	x
Trill		r	rʲ

• Voiceless stops and affricates contrast with their geminate counterparts: tː tʃː tʲː kː.

Vowels

Muinane vowel phonemes

	Front	Central	Back
High	i	ɨ	u
Low	ɛ	a	o

Tone

There are two tones in Muinane: high and low.

Grammar

Word order in Muinane is generally SOV. Case marking is nominative–accusative.

Writing System

Muinane is written using a Latin alphabet. A chart of symbols with the sounds they represent is as follows:

Latin	IPA	Latin	IPA	Latin	IPA	Latin	IPA	Latin	IPA	Latin	IPA
a	/a/	b	/b/	c	/k/	ch	/tʃ/	d	/d/	e	/e/
f	/ɸ/	g	/ɡ/	h	/ʔ/	i	/i/	ɨ	/ɨ/	j	/x/
ll	/dʒ/	m	/m/	n	/n/	ñ	/ɲ/	o	/o/	p	/p/
q	/k/	r	/r/	s	/s/	sh	/ʃ/	t	/t/	u	/u/
v	/β/	y	/j/

• Palatalized consonants are written using the unpalatalized forms plus y: ty /tʲ/, dy /dʲ/, ry /rʲ/. For the purposes of alphabetization, these are considered sequences of letters.
• Tone is not generally indicated in writing. When it is shown, it is indicated by an acute accent over the vowel: á, é, í, ɨ́, ó, ú.
• The Muinane writing system is based on Spanish orthography. For that reason, the sound /k/ is written as c before a, ɨ, o, and u and as qu before e and i. Likewise, the sound /ɡ/ is written as gu before e and i, and g elsewhere.

References

• Aschmann, Richard P. (1993), Proto-Witotoan, Arlington, TX: SIL International, ISBN 0-88312-189-1
• Walton, James W.; Walton, Janice P. (1967), "Phonemes of Muinane", in Waterhouse, Viola G. (ed.), Phonemic systems of Colombian languages, Norman, OK: SIL International, pp. 37–47
• Walton, James P.; Walton, Janice W.; Pakky de Buenaventure, Clementina (1997), Diccionario Bilingüe Muinane-Español/Español-Muinane, Santafé de Bogotá: Editorial Buena Semilla, OCLC 468683910

На других языках

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- [en] Muinane language

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[fr] Muinane

Le muinane est une langue witotoane parlée en Amazonie colombienne le long de la rivière Cahuinarí, un affluent du Caquetá.

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[ru] Муйнане

Муйнане (Muename, Muinana, Muinane, Muinani) — бора-уитотский язык, на котором говорят на притоке реки Какета на реке Верхняя Кауйнари департамента Амасонас в Колумбии.

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