lingvo.wikisort.org - Language
Arhuaco, commonly known as Ikʉ, (Arhuaco: Ikʉ) is an Indigenous American language of the Chibchan language family, spoken in South America by the Arhuaco people.[3]
| Arhuaco | |
|---|---|
| Ikʉ | |
| Native to | Colombia |
| Ethnicity | 14,800 Arhuacos (2001)[1] |
Native speakers | 8,000 (2009)[2] |
Language family | Chibchan
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | arh |
| Glottolog | arhu1242 |
| ELP | Ica |
There are 8000 speakers, all in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta region of Colombia, 90% of whom are monolingual.[3] Literacy is 1 to 5% in their native language. Some speak Spanish, and 15 to 25% are literate in that auxiliary language.[3] The users have a very strong traditional culture and have vibrant use of their tongue.[3]
It is also known as: Aruaco, Bintuk, Bíntukua, Bintucua, Ica, Ijca, Ijka, Ika, and Ike.[3]
The language uses a subject–object–verb (SOV) sentence structure.[3]
Phonology
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ⟨i⟩ | ɨ ⟨ʉ⟩ | u ⟨u⟩ |
| Mid | e ⟨e⟩ | ə ⟨y⟩ | o ⟨o⟩ |
| Open | a ⟨a⟩ |
/ə/ is raised to and merged with /ɨ/ word finally.
This language registers 17 consonant phonemes:
| Labial | Alveolar | Alveolo- palatal |
Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Occlusive | voiceless | p ⟨p⟩ | t ⟨t⟩ | tʃ ⟨ch⟩ | k ⟨k⟩ | ʔ ⟨ꞌ⟩ |
| voiced | b ⟨b⟩ | d ⟨d⟩ | dʒ ⟨ɉ⟩ | ɡ ⟨g⟩ | ||
| Nasal | m ⟨m⟩ | n~ŋ ⟨n⟩ | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | s ⟨s⟩ | h ⟨j⟩ | |||
| voiced | β ⟨w⟩ | z ⟨z⟩ | ʒ ⟨zh⟩ | |||
| Flap | ɾ ⟨r⟩ | |||||
Syllable Structure
With some exceptions, Arhuaco syllables may begin with up to two consonants (the second of which must be a glide /w j/) and may be closed by one of the following consonants: /ʔ n r w j/.
Prosody
Arhuaco stress normally falls on penultimate syllables, with secondary stresses occurring on every other preceding syllable, in the case of longer words (e.g. /ˌunkəˈsia/ 'protective bracelet').[4] There are some affixes and enclitics that are extrametrical and do not count as syllables for stress assignment.
References
 | This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (June 2020) |
Frank, Paul. 1985. A grammar of Ika. PhD thesis. University of Pennsylvania.
Frank, Paul. 2000. Ika syntax. Dallas, TX: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
Landaburu, Jon. 2000. La lengua Ika. in Lenguas indigenas de Colombia: Una visión descriptiva. Bogota: Instituto Caro y Cuervo.
Notes
- Arhuaco language at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
- Arhuaco at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- Arhuaco, by Arango and Sánchez, Ethnologue, 1998, access date 16 April 2008
- Landaburu, Jon (2000). La lengua Ika. Bogotá: Instituto Caro y Cuervo.
External links
- Arhuaco (Ika) dictionary.
- Ika language version of the Faculty of Humanities of the National University of Colombia.
На других языках
- [en] Arhuaco language
[es] Idioma arhuaco
Se denomina el idioma arhuaco o iku a la lengua amerindia de la familia chibchana usada por el pueblo autodenominado los «ika» de Colombia.[1][fr] Arhuaco
L'arhuaco ou l'ika est une langue amérindienne appartenant à la filiation des langues chibchanes. Elle est parlée par les Arhuacos, peuple concentré au nord de la Colombie, dans la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, massif montagneux de la cordillère des Andes[1].[ru] Аруако
Аруа́ко (исп. arhuaco), известный также как бинтук (исп. bintuk), би́нтукуа (исп. bíntucua), и́ка (исп. ika, ica), и́хка (исп. ijka, ijca ) — чибчанский язык на территории современной Колумбии. Около 14 800 носителей (10-й по числу говорящих чибчанский язык).Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
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