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Achagua, or Achawa (Achagua: Achawa), is an Arawakan language spoken in the Meta Department of Colombia, similar to Piapoco. It is estimated that 250 individuals speak the language, many of whom also speak Piapoco or Spanish.[1]

Achagua
Achawa
Native to	Colombia
Ethnicity	Achagua people
Native speakers	250 (2000)[1]
Language family	Arawakan Northern Upper Amazon Western Nawiki Piapoko Achagua
Language codes
ISO 639-3	aca Achagua
Glottolog	acha1250  Achagua pona1251  Ponares
ELP	Achagua

"Achagua is a language of the Maipurean Arawakan group traditionally spoken by the Achagua people of Venezuela and east-central Colombia."[2]

A "Ponares" language is inferred from surnames, and may have been Achawa or Piapoco.

There is 1 to 5% literacy in Achagua.[1]

Phonology

Consonants

		Labial	Dental/ Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive/ Affricate	voiceless	p	t		tʃ	k
	voiced	b	d
Nasal		m	n
Fricative			s̪		ʝ		h
Trill			r
Approximant		w		ɭ

• /n/ is realized as [ɲ] when preceding palatal consonants.
• /k/ is palatalized [kʲ] when preceding /i/.
• Sounds /b, d/ are preglottalized [ˀb, ˀd] within accented syllables or after accented syllables.
• /b/ is realized as [β] when occurring intervocalically.
• /w/ is realized as [β] when preceding /i/.
• /s̪/ is realized as [ʃ] when preceding /i/.
• /ʝ/ is heard as an affricate [dʒ] in word-initial positions. It can also be realized as a glide [j] freely in intervocalic positions.
• /ɭ/ can be heard as a flap [ɾ] in free variation before /i/.[3]

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Mid	e		o
Low		a

Notes

External links

• Neira, Alonso de. "Arte y bocabulario de la lengua achagua: Doctrina christiana, confessionario de uno y otro sexo e instrucción de cathecumenos". World Digital Library. Retrieved 2013-05-23.
• Dryer, Matthew S.; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Achawa language". World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
• OLAC resources in and about the Achagua language
• Achagua on Native Languages of the Americas
• Listen to a sample of Achagua from Global Recordings Network
• The Archive of Indigenous Languages of Latin America https://www.ailla.utexas.org/islandora/search/Achagua?type=dismax

На других языках

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- [en] Achawa language

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[fr] Achagua

L’achagua est une langue amérindienne de la famille des langues arawakiennes du Nord, parlée en Colombie le long de la rivière Meta, près de Puerto Gaitán dans les Llanos, par 400 personnes[2].

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[ru] Ачагуа

Ачагуа (Achagua, Achawa, Ajagua, Xagua) — находящийся под угрозой исчезновения индейский язык, который относится к аравакской языковой семье, на котором говорит народ ачагуа, проживающий в населённом пункте Умапо, на правом берегу реки Мета, между реками Пуэрто-Гайтан и Пуэрто-Лопес, департамента Мета в Колумбии. Подсчитано, что на языке говорит 250 человек, многие из которых также говорят на пиапоко (похож на него) и испанском языках.

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