lingvo.wikisort.org - Language

Ibibio is the native language of the Ibibio people of Akwa Ibom State and Abia State, Nigeria, belonging to the Ibibio-Efik dialect cluster of the Cross River languages. The name Ibibio is sometimes used for the entire dialect cluster. In pre-colonial times, it was written with Nsibidi ideograms, similar to Igbo, Efik, Anaang, and Ejagham. Ibibio has also had influences on Afro-American diasporic languages such as AAVE words like buckra, and buckaroo, which come from the Ibibio word mbakara, and in the Afro-Cuban tradition of abakua.

Ibibio
Usem Ibibio
Native to	Southern Nigeria
Region	Akwa Ibom State, Abia State, Cross River State
Ethnicity	Ibibio
Native speakers	10 million[1]
Language family	Niger–Congo? Atlantic–Congo Volta-Congo Benue–Congo Cross River Lower Cross Ibibio Ibibio
Writing system	Latin Nsibidi
Language codes
ISO 639-3	ibb
Glottolog	ibib1240

Phonology

Consonants

Ibibio consonant phonemes[2]

		Labial	Coronal	Palatal	Velar	Labial-velar
Nasal		m	n	ɲ	ŋ
Plosive	voiceless	b	t		k	k͡p
	voiced		d
Fricative	voiceless	f	s
Approximant				j		w

• /m, b/ are bilabial, whereas /f/ is labiodental.[2]
  • /b/ has two allophones, which occur in complementary distribution: voiceless [p] and voiced [b].[3]
• /n, d, s/ are alveolar [n, d, s], whereas /t/ is dental [t̪].[2]
• Stem-initial /ŋ/ is realized as [ŋ͡w].[2]

Intervocalic plosives are lenited:[2]

• /b/ → [β]
• /t, d/ → [ɾ]
• /k/ → [ɢ̆] or [ɰ]

Vowels

Ibibio vowel phonemes[2]

	Front	Back
	unrounded	unrounded	rounded
Close	i		u
Mid	e	ʌ	o
Open	a		ɔ

• /i, u/ are phonetically near-close [ɪ, ʊ].[2]
• /e, ʌ, o/ are phonetically true-mid; /ʌ/ is also strongly centralized: [e̞, ʌ̝̈, o̞].[2]
• /a, ɔ/ are phonetically near-open; /a/ is central rather than front: [ɐ, ɔ̞].[2]

Between consonants, /i, u, o/ have allophones that are transcribed [ɪ, ʉ, ə], respectively.[2] At least in case of [ɪ, ə], the realization is probably somewhat different (e.g. close-mid [e, ɘ]), because the default IPA values of the symbols [ɪ, ə] are very similar to the normal realizations of the Ibibio vowels /i, ʌ/. Similarly, [ʉ] may actually be near-close [ʉ̞], rather than close [ʉ].

In some dialects (e.g. Ibiono), /ɪ, ʉ, ə/ occur as phonemes distinct from /i, u, o/.[2]

Tones

Ibibio has five tones: high, mid, rising, falling and low. A word can be used to mean two or more different things based on the tone ascribed to it.

Orthography

Ibibio alphabet[4]

a

b

d

e

ǝ

f

gh

h

i

ị

k

kp

m

n

ñ

ñw

ny

o

ọ

ʌ

p

s

t

u

ụ

w

y

References

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

• Ibibio kasahorow – language resources, including dictionary, books and proverbs.
• Bachmann's Master Thesis, Paper, Presentation
• BOSS-IBB documentation v0.1-r4
• ELAR Documentation of Dirge songs among the Urban people [Efik, Ibibio]
• ELAR Documentation of documenting drums and drum language in Ibibio traditional ceremonies

На других языках

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[de] Ibibio (Sprache)

Ibibio ist die Sprache des Ibibio-Volkes im südöstlichen Nigeria. Sie gehört zu jenen Sprachen Nigerias, die seit den 1970er Jahren als Minderheitensprachen von den regierungseigenen Radio- und Fernsehsendern gefördert werden.[2]

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- [en] Ibibio language

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[fr] Ibibio (langue)

L’ibibio est une langue ou dialecte du continuum linguistique ibibio-efik parlé au Nigéria.

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[ru] Ибибио (язык)

Ибибио — язык, принадлежащий к бенуэ-конголезской семье Нигеро-конголезской макросемьи. Носители — свыше 10 млн чел., проживающих в штате Аква-Ибом и Кросс-Ривер, Нигерия. Языки эфик и аннанг являются диалектами языка ибибио.

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