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The Finisterre languages are a language family, spoken in the Finisterre Range of Papua New Guinea, classified within the original TransNew Guinea (TNG) proposal, and William A. Foley considers their TNG identity to be established. They share with the Huon languages a small closed class of verbs taking pronominal object prefixes some of which are cognate across both families (Suter 2012), strong morphological evidence that they are related.

Finisterre
Geographic
distribution
Finisterre Range, New Guinea
Linguistic classificationTrans–New Guinea
Subdivisions
  • Erap
  • Gusap–Mot
  • Uruwa
  • Wantoat
  • Warup
  • Yupna
Glottologfini1245

The most populous Finisterre languages are Wantoat, Rawa, and Yopno, with about 10,000 speakers apiece, and Iyo, with about half that number.


Internal structure


Huon and Finisterre, and then the connection between them, were identified by Kenneth McElhanon (1967, 1970). They are clearly valid language families. Finisterre contains six clear branches. Beyond that, classification is based on lexicostatistics, which does not provide precise classification results. The outline below follows McElhanon and Carter et al. (2012).


Vocabulary comparison


The following basic vocabulary words are from McElhanon & Voorhoeve (1970)[1] and Retsema et al. (2009),[2] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:[3]

Erap branch Gusap-Mot branch Uruwa branch Wantoat branch Warup branch Yupna branch
glossMungkipUri
(Sintogoro dialect)
IyoYau
(Mup dialect)
Tuma-Irumu
(Irumu dialect)
DegenanYopno
(Nokopo dialect)
head kʰigediminkembakuwitkʌyitʌnambusuŋʌ
hair sɨsa; sɪsasɨsɑhudzioŋpundzigɔtdaŋwai
ear maget; magitnɛmɑgiɔsumbiɔndɔmsukunnʌmkɔsim
eye dae; da·gedetɔŋidandapurdabəldaƀʌl
nose miminɛ; mimiŋgekininiʔumitanmainamitomoni
tooth mamitimanmenmɛngɛn
tongue mabɛm; mabimmɨmbɛmmipimotbinmɛmbermɛlɛmel
leg kadakʌjoŋ
louse mi; mīŋtumuŋimiimonimʌniməŋiat
dog sapkuɣɔŋisasapumʌtnoŋkwak
pig kare
bird jāŋjɑŋ
egg qiliq
blood we·qʌmɑ
bone kwadi; kwadzikʌti:wimbikuratkonzardoruk; ʌtʌtkataar
skin girimfugukowigibgup; kʌndʌpmeᵲ-gʌp; kandap
breast nomnʌmsusumumnonoŋmumnaŋ
tree bɛmfɨɾi
man ʌmiamnaamaamen
woman tamtɑminpareɔƀi
sun maim; malemɑjɛmokisasepkɔmiɔmdoran
moon jaʁipmɑjɛp
water ime; imɛɑmɑsonoyamoomeɩmkʌlap
fire kuduk; kugupkudipteibdikʌndʌpɛřapkandap
stone qawadegʷunʌgʌm
road, path tɛlɛ; tɛrɛpmēŋkʌdʌpʌŋoreamsapkandetmar̃ʌnkosit
name buŋām; wowwɔpowemanwopmaŋgimai
eat nʌnanenananana
one kubugaŋkubinik
two lifɛtfʌmɑʔ

References


  1. McElhanon, K.A. and Voorhoeve, C.L. The Trans-New Guinea Phylum: Explorations in deep-level genetic relationships. B-16, vi + 112 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1970. doi:10.15144/PL-B16
  2. Retsema, T., Potter, M., & Gray, R. 2009. Mungkip: An Endangered Language. SIL Electronic Survey Report 2009-015, November 2009.
  3. Greenhill, Simon (2016). "TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea". Retrieved 2020-11-05.



Bibliography



На других языках


- [en] Finisterre languages

[fr] Langues finisterre

Les langues finisterre sont une famille de langues papoues parlées en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée, dans la région des monts Finisterre, située dans les provinces de Morobe et de Madang[1].



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