The Goilalan or Wharton Range languages are a language family spoken around the Wharton Range in the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea. They were classified as a branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages by Stephen Wurm (1975), but only tentatively retained there in the classification of Malcolm Ross (2005) and removed entirely by Timothy Usher (2020).[2]

Goilalan
Wharton Range
Geographic distribution	Wharton Range, Central Province, Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classification	Binanderean–Goilalan[1] Goilalan
Glottolog	goil1242
Map: The Goilalan languages of New Guinea   The Goilalan languages   Trans–New Guinea languages   Other Papuan languages   Austronesian languages   Uninhabited

Languages

The languages are,[2]

• Fuyug
• Tauade
• Northern (Kunimaipa): Biangai, Kunimaipa, Weri

The languages are clearly related, especially northern Biagai, Kunimaipa, and Weri, which might be considered divergent dialects.^{[citation needed]}

Pronouns

Pronouns are:

• Northern: 1sg ne, 2sg ni, 3sg pi
• Tauade/Fuyug: 1sg na, 2sg nu

Tauade also has the possessive pronouns ne-ve, ni-e.

Vocabulary comparison

The following basic vocabulary words are from SIL field notes (1973, 1975, 1980), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:[3]

gloss	Fuyug	Tauade
head	hul ha; ondobe	kɔrɔtɔ
hair	are; hul haluma	awutu
ear	gadolo	kepapaí
eye	hul li; im	tavai
nose	hul hunga; unge	kiːtʰ
tooth	hul usi	nɔtɔvai
tongue	hul asese	aivi
leg	soga	lɔ'vai
louse	hi	dautʰ
dog	ho; oi	kɔveřa
pig	ovo	pɔřu
bird	Nemba; nembe	kide
egg	hulombo	mutuwu
blood	tana	il'iví
bone	hude	keniví
skin	hul hoda; ode	kɔtipai
breast	hul duda	data
tree	i'i	eata
man	A'a; an	baře
woman	Amu; amuri	iva
sun	evuli	vatava
moon	hama	ɔne
water	ʒu	ipi
fire	oki	e'na·m
stone	zo	evi'ti
road, path	enamba; inambe	bɔřiƀařa
name	ifa	ape'te
eat	huni nene	ɔmei nai
one	fida	kɔne
two	ʒuvalo	kupal'iai

Evolution

Fuyuge reflexes of purported proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:[4]

• baba ‘father’ < *mbapa
• sabe ‘saliva’ < *si(mb,p)at
• magata ‘mouth, jaw’ < *maŋgat[a]
• mele-pila ‘tongue’ < *mele-mbilaŋ
• imu ‘eye’ < *(ŋg,k)amu
• ije ‘tree’ < *inda

References

• Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". In Andrew Pawley; Robert Attenborough; Robin Hide; Jack Golson (eds.). Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.

На других языках

[fr] Langues goilalanes