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The Chimbu–Wahgi languages are a language family sometimes included in the Trans–New Guinea proposal.

Chimbu–Wahgi
Central East New Guinea Highlands Simbu – Western Highlands
Geographic distribution	Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classification	Northeast New Guinea and/or Trans–New Guinea? Chimbu–Wahgi
Subdivisions	Chimbu Hagen Jimi Wahgi
Glottolog	cent2120
Map: The Chimbu–Wahgi languages of New Guinea   Chimbu–Wahgi languages   Trans–New Guinea languages   Other Papuan languages   Austronesian languages   Uninhabited

Languages

There is little doubt that the Chimbu–Wahgi family is valid. The languages are:[1]

• Chimbu–Wahgi family
  • Chimbu (Simbu) branch

    Kuman (Chimbu), Chuave, Nomane, Golin–Dom, Salt-Yui, Sinasina

  • Western Highlands
    • Jimi River

      Maring, Narak–Kandawo

    • Wahgi Valley

      Nii, Wahgi, North Wahgi (= Yu We?)

    • Mount Hagen
      • Melpa (Medlpa)
      • Kaugel River: Imbo Ungu, Umbu-Ungu, Mbo-Ung (Bo-Ung)

Phonology

Several of the Chimbu–Wahgi languages have uncommon lateral consonants: see Nii, Wahgi, and Kuman for examples.

Chimbu–Wahgi languages have contrastive tone.[2]

Pronouns

The singular pronouns are:

	sg
1	*ná
2	*nim
3	*[y]é

Dual *-l and plural *-n reflect Trans–New Guinea forms.

Evolution

Middle Wahgi reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma:[2]

• ama ‘mother’ < *am(a,i)
• amu ‘breast’ < *amu
• numan ‘louse’ < *niman
• numan ‘thought, mind, will’ < *n(o,u)
• man, muŋ ‘fruit, nut, lump’
• muŋgum ‘kidney’ < *maŋgV ‘round object’
• mundmuŋ ‘heart’ < *mundun-maŋgV
• mokum, mokem ‘knuckle, joint’ < *mo(k,ŋg)Vm ‘joint’
• mundun mo- ‘be pot bellied’ < *mundun ‘internal organs, belly’
• ŋaŋ ‘small male child’ < *ŋaŋ[a] ‘baby’
• apa- ‘maternal uncle’ < *apa ‘father’
• embe(m) ‘name’ < *imbi ‘name’
• muk ‘blue’ < *muk
• tuk- ‘chop’ < *tVk- ‘cut, cut off’
• no- ‘eat’ < *na-
• mek si- ‘to vomit’
• mek ‘vomitus’ < *makV[C] + t(e,i)- ‘to vomit’

References

Further reading

External links

• Kaipuleohone archive of Chimbu-Wahgi language recordings

На других языках

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- [en] Chimbu–Wahgi languages

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[fr] Langues chimbu

Les langues chimbu (ou langues chimbu-wahgi) sont une famille de langues papoues parlées en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée, dans les provinces de Chimbu et des hautes-terres. C'est la famille qui compte le plus grand nombre de locuteurs[1].

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