lingvo.wikisort.org - Language
Paipai is the native language of the Paipai, spoken in the Baja California municipality of Ensenada (settlements of Arroyo de León (Ejido Kiliwas), Camalu, Cañón de la Parra, Comunidad Indígena de Santa Catarina, Ejido 18 de Marzo (El Álamo), El Aguajito (El Mat Chip), El Alamar, El Pinacate [Chknan], El Ranchito [Wikwalpuk], El Sauzal, Ensenada, Ex Hacienda Sinaloa, Héroes de la Independencia (Llano Colorado), Lázaro Cárdenas (Valle de Trinidad), La Huerta, La Vinata [Wipuk], Leyes de Reforma (El Rodeo), Misión Santo Domingo, Ojo de Agua Colorada, Poblado Héroes de Chapultepec, Poblado Puerta Trampa, Pórticos del Mar, Ranchito Xonuko, Rancho Agua de Vida, Rancho el Sauco, Rancho Escondido, Rancho las Canoas, Rancho Mariscal, Rancho San Belem, Rancho Santa Martha, Real del Castillo Nuevo (Ojos Negros), Rincón de Santa Catarina, San Isidoro, Sauce Largo [Yokakgul], Sauce Solo [Yokazis], Úrsulo Galván, Valle de la Trinidad, and Yokakiul).[2] It is part of the Yuman language family. There are quite a few speakers left, but most are over age 50. Most Paipai now live in Kumeyaay villages.
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| Paipai | |
|---|---|
| Akwa'ala | |
| Region | Mexico |
| Ethnicity | Paipai people |
Native speakers | 230 (2020 census)[1] |
Language family | Yuman
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ppi |
| Glottolog | paip1241 |
| ELP | Paipai |
 Paipai is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
It is believed that Paipai was separated from the Northern Pai languages many years ago. In oral tradition of most Yuman tribes, the people descended from Avikwame (also known as Newberry Mt.) and went were Kumat directed them. So at one time the Paipai might have been with the other tribes.
The Paipai language was documented by Judith Joël and Mauricio J. Mixco, who have published texts and studies of syntax.
Paipai belongs to the Yuman language family. Within the Yuman family, Paipai belongs to the Pai branch, which also includes the Upland Yuman language, dialects of which are spoken by the Yavapai, Walapai, and Havasupai of western Arizona. The relationship between Paipai and Upland Yuman is very close; some observers have suggested that Paipai and Yavapai are mutually intelligible (i.e., that the Paipai and Upland Yumans spoke dialects of a single language), while other observers have claimed that they are not.
The controversial technique of glottochronology suggests that the Pai branch of Yuman may have separated from the other two branches of Core Yuman (River Yuman and Delta–California Yuman) about 1,000-1,700 years ago. Paipai may have separated from Upland Yuman 1,000 years ago or less.
Phonology
Consonants
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nor. | lab. | pal. | nor. | lab. | |||||||
| Stop | p | t | ʈ | tʃ | k | kʷ | kʲ | q | qʷ | ʔ | |
| Fricative | voiceless | s | ʂ | ʃ | x | xʷ | h | ||||
| voiced | β | ʐ | |||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ||||||||
| Rhotic | ɾ | ||||||||||
| Lateral | fricative | ɬ | |||||||||
| approx. | l | ʎ | |||||||||
| Approximant | w | j | |||||||||
- /x/ can be heard as uvular [χ] when preceding consonants, or in syllable initial position.
- /ʐ/ can be heard as an alveolar trill [r] in free variation among speakers.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i iː | u uː | |
| Mid | e eː | o oː | |
| Open | a aː |
- /a/ can be heard as [ə] in syllable initial position.[3]
References
- Lenguas indígenas y hablantes de 3 años y más, 2020 INEGI. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020.
- https://www.inali.gob.mx/clin-inali/html/v_paipai.html
- Ibáñez Bravo, María Elena (2015). Descripción fonológica de la lengua Paʔipá:y. México: ENAH.
На других языках
- [en] Paipai language
[es] Idioma paipai
El idioma paipai (también: akwa'ala o jaspuy pai, AFI /xaspuj pai/)[2] es una lengua perteneciente a la familia lingüística yumano-cochimí, que ha sido incluida en la controvertida macrofamilia hokana. Es hablado por unas pocas decenas de personas que habitan en el municipio de Ensenada, en el centro-sur del estado mexicano de Baja California.[fr] Paipai
Le paipai est une langue yumane de la branche des langues yumanes du Nord parlée au Mexique, dans le Nord de la Basse-Californie, à San Isidro, dans la vallée de la Trinidad et surtout à Santa Catarina dans la Sierra de Juarez. La population ethnique est de 300 personnes. La langue recule au profit de l'espagnol [1].[ru] Пайпай (язык)
Пайпай (Akwa’ala, Paipai) — вымирающий язык коренного народа пайпай, проживающего в городе Энсенада, южнее ареала языка дьегеньо, штат Нижняя Калифорния; в муниципалитетах Ла-Пальмита, Лос-Поситос, Ранчо-Агуаскальентес, Эстадо-Валье-де-ла-Тринидад штата Санта-Катарина в Мексике. Язык принадлежит юманской семье. В настоящее время имеется очень мало носителей языка пайпай, потому что большинство пайпай живут в деревнях кумеяай.Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
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