lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageMolala (Molele, Molalla) is the extinct and poorly attested Plateau Penutian language of the Molala people of Oregon and Washington. It is first attested along the Deschutes River, and later moved to the Molalla and Santiam rivers, and to the headwaters of the Umpqua and Rogue rivers. It was once thought to be close to Cayuse.
Extinct language of US Pacific Northwest
Molala |
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Native to | United States |
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Region | Central Oregon and Washington |
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Ethnicity | Molala people |
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Extinct | 1958[1] with the death of Fred Yelkes (1885–1958)[2] |
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Language family | |
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ISO 639-3 | mbe |
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Glottolog | mola1238 |
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Dialects
There were three known dialects:
- Northern Molala, spoken in southern Oregon in the Cascade Range
- Upper Santiam Molala, spoken along the upper Santiam River in the Cascades in central Oregon.
- Southern Molala, spoken in southern Oregon in the Cascade Range
Phonology
The phonology of the Molala language:
Consonants
|
Bilabial |
Alveolar |
Lateral |
Palatal |
Velar |
Uvular |
Glottal |
Plosive |
plain |
p |
t |
|
|
k |
q |
ʔ |
aspirated |
pʰ |
tʰ |
|
|
kʰ |
qʰ |
|
ejective |
pʼ |
tʼ |
|
|
kʼ |
qʼ |
|
Nasal |
m |
n |
|
|
ŋ |
|
|
Affricate |
plain |
|
ts |
tɬ |
|
|
|
|
ejective |
|
tsʼ |
|
|
|
|
|
Fricative |
ɸ |
s |
ɬ |
|
x |
|
h |
Approximant |
w |
|
l |
j |
|
|
|
Vowels
|
Short |
Long |
Close |
i |
iː |
Open |
a~e |
aː |
Back |
u |
uː |
/i/ and /a/ can also shift to /ə/.[3]
Grammar
Molala is a verb-heavy polysynthetic language.
Case
Molala nouns have seven cases: nominative, accusative, genitive, instrumental, locative, allative, and ablative.
References
External links
Penutian languages |
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Chinookan | |
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Plateau | |
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Takelma | |
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Kalapuyan | |
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Coast Oregon | |
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Wintuan | |
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Maiduan | |
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Yok-Utian | |
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Tsimshianic |
- Coast Tsimshian
- Gitksan
- Nisga’a
- Southern Tsimshian
|
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Italics indicate extinct languages |
Languages of Oregon |
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Italics indicate extinct languages |
Indigenous | Alsean | |
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Athabaskan | |
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Chinookan | |
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Coosan | |
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Kalapuyan | |
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Oregon Coast Penutian | |
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Plateau Penutian | |
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Sahaptian | |
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Salishan | |
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Unclassified | |
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Uto-Aztecan | |
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Immigrant | Indo-European | |
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French Sign | |
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Uralic | |
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- Category
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Indigenous language families and isolates of North America |
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Language families and isolates | Eskimo–Aleut | |
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Na-Dene | |
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Algic | |
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Mosan ? |
- Salishan
- Wakashan
- Chimakuan
|
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Macro-Siouan ? |
- Siouan
- Caddoan
- Iroquoian
- Yuchi
|
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Penutian ? |
- Chinookan
- Wintuan
- Maiduan
- Yok-Utian
- Tsimshianic
Plateau ? | |
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Coast Oregon ? | |
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Takelma–Kalapuyan ? | |
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Hokan ? | |
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Pueblo linguistic area | |
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Coahuiltecan linguistic area |
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Gulf ? | |
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Mesoamerican linguistic area | |
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Caribbean linguistic area |
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Proposed groupings |
- Amerind
- Algonquian–Wakashan
- Aztec–Tanoan
- Macro-Mayan
- Macro-Chibchan
- Tolatecan
- Waroid
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Lists |
- Classification
- Extinct languages
- Unclassified languages
- Linguistic areas
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На других языках
- [en] Molala language
[fr] Molala
Le molala est une langue amérindienne isolée parlée aux États-Unis, dans les montagnes Cascades, au sud de l'Oregon.
[it] Lingua molala
La lingua molala (o molele, molalla) è la lingua estinta e podo documentata, appartentente alla famiglia delle lingue penuti dell'altopiano, che veniva parlata dal popolo dei Molala in Oregon e nello Stato Washington. È stato accertato che essa venne utilizzata prima lungo il Deschutes River e successivamente presso i fiumi Molalla e Santiam, fino alle sorgenti dei fiumi Umpqua e Rogue. Un tempo si riteneva che fosse una lingua molto vicina alla lingua cayuse. Sono conosciuti tre dialetti:
[ru] Молала (язык)
Молала (Molala, Molale, Molalla, Molele) - мёртвый и плохо аттестованный плато-пенутийский язык, на котором раньше говорил народ молала, проживающий на притоках рек Роге и Умпква, на западе долин рек Молала и Сантьям, долине реки Дешутес штатов Вашингтон и Орегон в США. У языка было несколько диалектов:
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