En (autonym: aiɲ53; also known as Nùng Vên) is a Kra language spoken in Vietnam. Before its discovery in 1998, En language was undistinguished from Nùng, which is a Central Tai language closely related to Zhuang. In the late 1990s, Vietnamese linguist Hoàng Văn Ma had first recognized that it was not a Tai language, ultimately leading to field work distinguishing En as a separate language. Researchers have determined En to be one of the Buyang languages.
| En | |
|---|---|
| Region | Vietnam |
Native speakers | 200 (1998)[1] |
Language family | Kra–Dai
|
Writing system | Vietnamese alphabet |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | enc |
| Glottolog | ennn1243 |
| ELP | En |
The speakers of En live in northern Vietnam near the border with Jingxi County, Guangxi. In 1998, En speakers were found 12 km to the east of Hà Quảng city in Nội Thôn village, Hà Quảng District, Cao Bằng Province.
En has 6 tones:[2] / ˥˦, ˨˦˧, ˧˧˨, ˧, ˨˩˨, ˧˨ / (/54, 243, 332, 33, 212, 32/).
Languages of Vietnam | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Indigenous languages |
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| Vietnamese sign languages |
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Kra–Dai languages | |||||||||||||||||||
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| Kra |
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| Tai (Zhuang) |
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| Proto-languages |
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Italics indicate extinct languages | |||||||||||||||||||
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