lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageKaloeng (Kalerng, Kaleung) is a Southwestern Tai language of Thailand and Laos.
| Kaloeng |
|---|
| Native to | Thailand, Laos |
|---|
Language family | |
|---|
Writing system | Thai alphabet |
|---|
|
| ISO 639-3 | – |
|---|
Distribution
In Thailand, Kaloeng is spoken in Sakon Nakhon Province, Nakhon Phanom Province, and Mukdahan Province (Trongdee 2016). In Laos, it is spoken in Khammouan Province.
External classification
Mudjalin Luksanawong[1] classifies the Kaloeng language as part of the Sakon Nakhon subbranch of the Southwestern Tai.
- Nakhon Phanom
- Sakon Nakhon
In the Sakon Nakhon languages, Proto-Tai *hw- and *w- (Pittayaporn 2009:134-135) became /ph/- (Trongdee 2016:55). Also, the Sakon Nakhon languages display the uncommon labiovelar initial clusters thw-, cw-, sw-, hw-, ŋw-, lw-, ʔw- (Trongdee 2016:56).
Internal classification
Thananan Trongdee[2] classifies the Kaloeng dialects as follows according to the evolution of the Proto-Kaloeng diphthong *-aɯ.
- Group 1: *-aɯ > -aɯ (all spoken in Laos)
- Hinboun District: Pha Wang; Nong Hoi
- Yommalath District: Phon Bok
- Nong Bok District: Nong Bok
- Boualapha District: Kha Yu
- Kounkham District: Kong Lo
- (branch)
- Group 2: *-aɯ > -əi
- Mueang Sakon Nakhon District: Muanglai ม่วงลาย
- Kut Bak District: Ban Bua บ้านบัว
- Kusuman District: Saen Phan แสนพัน
- Khamcha-i District: Non Sang Si
- Group 3: *-aɯ > -ai
- Mueang Sakon Nakhon District: Na Yo นายอ; Dong Mafai ดงมะไฟ
- Phanna Nikhom District: Choeng Chum เชิงชุม
- Mueang Nakhon Phanom District: Kurukhu กุรุคุ; Khamtoei คำเตย
- Phon Sawan District: Phon Bok โพนบก
- Tha Uthen District: Na Sok นาโสก
- Pla Pak District: Kutakai ปลาปาก
- Na Kae District: Phra Song พระซอง
- Yommalath District, Laos: Don Pueai
- Nong Bok District, Laos: Dong Phak Pue
References
 Languages of Thailand |
|---|
| Official language | |
|---|
| Other Thais | | Lao–Phutai | |
|---|
| Chiang Saen | |
|---|
| Sukhothai | |
|---|
| Northwestern | |
|---|
|
|---|
Minority ethnics by languages groups | | Austroasiatic | |
|---|
| Austronesian | |
|---|
| Hmong-Mien | |
|---|
| Sino-Tibetan | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Non-Indigenous | | Immigrant language | |
|---|
| Working language | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Sign languages | |
|---|
Kra–Dai languages |
|---|
| Kra |
|
|---|
| Kam–Sui | |
|---|
| Biao | |
|---|
| Lakkia | |
|---|
| Hlai |
- Bouhin
- Ha Em
- Lauhut
- Tongzha
- Zandui
- Baoting
- Cun
- Nadou
- Changjiang
- Moyfaw
- Baisha
- Yuanmen
|
|---|
| Jiamao | |
|---|
| Be–Jizhao | |
|---|
Tai (Zhuang) | | Northern | |
|---|
| Central | |
|---|
Southwestern (Thai) | | Northwestern | |
|---|
| Lao–Phutai | |
|---|
| Chiang Saen | |
|---|
| Southern | |
|---|
| (other) | |
|---|
|
|---|
| (mixed) | |
|---|
|
|---|
| (mixed origins) | |
|---|
| proposed groupings | |
|---|
| Proto-languages |
- Proto-Kra–Dai
- Proto-Kra
- Proto-Tai
- Proto-Kam–Sui
- Proto-Hlai
|
|---|
Italics indicate extinct languages |
Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.
Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
2019-2026
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии