lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageMpadə is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in northern Cameroon and southwestern Chad. Dialects are Bodo, Digam, Mpade (Makari), Shoe (Shewe), and Woulki.[2]
Chadic language spoken in Cameroon and Chad
Mpadə |
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Native to | Cameroon, Chad |
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Region | Far North Province, Cameroon; west Chad |
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Native speakers | 16,000 in Cameroon (2004)[1] |
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Language family | |
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ISO 639-3 | mpi |
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Glottolog | mpad1242 Mpade
ngal1301 Ngala |
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The language is sometimes known as Makari, after one of the towns where it is spoken. Ngala further west (as described by Barth) once spoke a dialect similar to Makari, but it was moribund by the 1920s, the people having shifted to Kanuri.
Distribution
In Cameroon, Mpade is spoken throughout the northern end of the Logone-et-Chari department (Far North Region), adjacent to Lake Chad and centered on Makari (the northern part of Makari arrondissement as well as in Fotokol and Hilé Alifa arrondissements, and the northern part of Goulfey arrondissement). It is also spoken in Chad and Nigeria, it has a total population of 12,000 speakers (SIL 2000).[3]
Phonology
Consonants
Mpade has the following consonants.[4]
|
Labial |
Coronal |
Palatal |
Velar |
Glottal |
Plain |
Labialized |
Stops and affricates |
Voiceless |
p | t | tʃ | k | kʷ | |
Voiced |
b | d | dʒ | ɡ | ɡʷ | |
Ejective |
| tsʼ | tʃʼ | kʼ | kʷʼ | |
Implosive |
ɓ | ɗ | | | | |
Prenasalized |
mb | nd | | ŋɡ | | |
Fricatives |
Voiceless |
f | s | ʃ | | | h |
Voiced |
| z | | | | |
Nasals |
m | n | | | | |
Lateral |
| l | | | | |
Trill |
| r | | | | |
Semivowels |
| | j | | w | |
Vowels
Mpade has the following vowels.[4]
| front | back unrounded | back rounded |
High |
i | ɨ | u |
Non-High |
e | a | o |
Notes
- Mpadə at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- Frawley, William J., ed. (2003). "Mpade". International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, Volume 1. Oxford University Press. p. 238.
- Binam Bikoi, Charles, ed. (2012). Atlas linguistique du Cameroun (ALCAM) [Linguistic Atlas of Cameroon]. Atlas linguistique de l'Afrique centrale (ALAC) (in French). Vol. 1: Inventaire des langues. Yaoundé: CERDOTOLA. ISBN 9789956796069.
- Allison 2006.
References
- Allison, Sean. 2006. Alphabet et orthographe de Kotoko de Makary (mpadɨ) (Makary Kotoko Orthography Statement) SIL manuscript, 31 pp. Available on-line
- Allison, Sean. 2020. A Grammar of Makary Kotoko. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 9789004422513.
Languages of Cameroon |
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Official languages | |
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Major languages | |
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Pidgins | |
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Indigenous languages | |
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Sign languages | |
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Immigrant languages | |
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See also: General Alphabet of Cameroon Languages |
Biu–Mandara languages |
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Tera | |
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Bura–Higi | |
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Wandala (Mandara) | |
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Mafa | Northeast | |
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South (A) | |
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South (B) |
- Ɗugwor
- Gemzek
- Merey
- Mikere
- Zəlgwa-Minew
|
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South (C) | |
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South (D) | |
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Others | |
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|
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Daba | |
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Bata (Gbwata) | |
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Mandage (Kotoko) | |
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East– Central | |
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Others | |
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Italics indicate extinct languages. See also: Chadic languages |
На других языках
[de] Mpade (Sprache)
Mpade (auch Makari genannt) ist eine tschadische Sprache, die in der Region Extrême-Nord in Kamerun westlich von Kousséri sowie im Tschad nördlich der Hauptstadt N'djamena gesprochen wird.
Sie zählt zu den Kotoko-Sprachen und teilt sich in die fünf Dialekte Bodo, Digam, Shewe, Woulki sowie das eigentliche Mpade auf. Mpade selbst wird in der Stadt Makari in Kamerun gesprochen, Bodo und Woulki in den gleichnamigen Ortschaften. Der Dialekt Shewe wird in Mani im Tschad direkt an der Grenze zu Kamerun, am Fluss Schari gesprochen.
- [en] Mpade language
[fr] Makari
Le makari (ou makary, makary kotoko, mpade) est une langue tchadique biu-mandara parlée principalement au Cameroun dans la région de l'Extrême-Nord, le département du Logone-et-Chari, au sud du lac Tchad, autour de Makary, également au sud-ouest du Tchad[1].
[ru] Мпаде
Мпаде (Kotoko-Makari, Makari, Makary, Makary Kotoko, Mpade) — афразийский язык, на котором говорят в землях народа макари, в регионах Логон и Шари, южнее озера Чад, Крайнесеверного региона в Камеруне, а также в ареале языка мани на реке Логоне, севернее города Нджамена; в городе Нджамена; в подпрефектуре Мани, южнее озера Чад, департамента Харазе-аль-Биар региона Хаджер-Ламис в Чаде[1].
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