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Bohtan Neo-Aramaic is a dialect of Northeastern Neo-Aramaic originally spoken by ethnic Assyrians on the plain of Bohtan in the Ottoman Empire. Its speakers were displaced during the Assyrian genocide in 1915 and settled in Gardabani, near Rustavi in Georgia, Göygöl and Ağstafa in Azerbaijan. However it is now spoken in Moscow, Krymsk and Novopavlosk, Russia. It is considered to be a dialect of Assyrian Neo-Aramaic since it is a northeastern Aramaic language and its speakers are ethnically Assyrians.

Bohtan Neo-Aramaic
ܣܘܪܬ Sôreth
Native toRussia, Georgia
Regionmainly in Krymsk and Novopavlovsk
Native speakers
Fewer than 500 (2009)[1]
Language family
Afro-Asiatic
Language codes
ISO 639-3bhn
Glottologboht1238
ELPBohtan Neo-Aramaic

The closest related dialect is Hertevin, and Bohtan also shares many similarities with the peripheral Qaraqosh dialect.[2]


Genealogy


This dialect is derived from the Northeastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA) languages, which is made up by Bohtan Neo-Aramaic, Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, Chaldean Neo-Aramaic, Hertevin, Senaya and Koy Sanjat Surat. Bohtan refers to the area between the Tigris and Bohtan river . The dialect mostly spoken by Christian communities.[3]

The Neo-Aramaic language is classified under Afroasiatic and the Bohtan dialect is more specifically one of the NENA dialects which are found south-eastern Turkey, northern Iraq and western Iran [4] Due to the dislocation of NENA speakers, neighboring languages have influenced the dialects, such as Kurdish.[5]


Phonology


Bohtan's consonant inventory is typical of other NENA dialects. Unlike Hertevin, it merges /ħ/ and /x/ into /x/.[6]


Status


Bohtan Neo-Aramaic is considered as a severely endangered language as it is estimated to have less than 500 speakers, mostly found in the former Soviet Union. Due to migration and intermarriage, younger generations speak the language less fluently and are expected to know Russian or Turkish as their first language.[1]


See also



References


  1. Fox, S. 2009. The Neo-Aramaic dialect of Bohtan. New Jersey: Gorgias Press
  2. Fox 2009, p. 5.
  3. ethnologue
  4. Heinrichs, W. 1991: "Studies in Neo-Aramaic". Journal of the American Oriental Society 111, 191-192
  5. Khan, G. 2010. "The Debate on Ergativity in Neo-Aramaic" Proceedings of IATL
  6. Fox 2009, p. 7.

Further reading





На других языках


[de] Bohtan-neuaramäische Sprache

Bohtan-Neuaramäisch ist eine moderne östliche neuaramäische Sprache. Sie wurde ursprünglich in der Ebene von Bohtan in der Provinz Şırnak in der Südost-Türkei gesprochen, heute jedoch vor allem in Südost-Georgien um das Dorf Gardabani nahe Rustavi herum.
- [en] Neo-Aramaic dialect of Bohtan



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