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The Lezgic languages are one of seven branches of the Northeast Caucasian language family. Lezgin are literary languages aside from being extant (currently spoken).

Lezgic
Geographic distribution	Dagestan  Azerbaijan
Linguistic classification	Northeast Caucasian Lezgic
Subdivisions	Archi (Peripheral Lezgic) Samur (Nuclear Lezgic)
Glottolog	lezg1248  (Samur) arch1244  (Archi)
Lezgic

Classification

• Peripheral: Archi – 970 speakers[1]
• Samur[2] (Nuclear Lezgic)
  • Eastern Samur
    • Udi – 6,600 speakers
    • Lezgin–Aghul–Tabasaran[2]
      • Lezgin – 800,000 speakers
      • Aghul – 29,300 speakers
      • Tabasaran – 126,900 speakers
  • Southern Samur
    • Kryts – 5,000
    • Budukh – 200 speakers
  • Western Samur
    • Rutul – 36,400 speakers
    • Tsakhur – 22,300 speakers

The voicing of ejective consonants

The Lezgic languages are relevant to the glottalic theory of Indo-European, because several have undergone the voicing of ejectives that have been postulated but widely derided as improbable in that family. The correspondences have not been well worked out (Rutul is inconsistent in the examples), but a few examples are:

• Non-Lezgic: Avar tstsʼar; Lezgic: Rutul dur, Tsakhur do 'name'
• Non-Lezgic: Archi motʃʼor, Lak tʃʼiri; Lezgic: Rutul mitʃʼri, Tabassaran midʒir, Aɡul mudʒur 'beard'
• Non-Lezgic: Avar motsʼ; Lezgic: Tabassaran vaz 'moon'

A similar change has taken place in non-initial position in the Nakh languages.[3]

See also

• Languages of the Caucasus
• Northeast Caucasian languages

References

External links

• Lezgic basic lexica at the Global Lexicostatistical Database

На других языках

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- [en] Lezgic languages

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[es] Lenguas lezguias

Las lenguas lezgui o lezguias constituyen un subgrupo filogenético dentro de las lenguas caucásicas nororientales. Este grupo incluye el lezguio nuclear, junto el udi y el archi.

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[fr] Groupe lezghique

Le groupe lezghique est une des sept branches de la famille des langues nakho-daghestaniennes.

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[ru] Лезгинские языки

Лезги́нские языки (лезги́нская языковая группа; также самурские языки[1][2]) — ветвь нахско-дагестанских языков[3], включающая девять живых (агульский, арчинский, будухский, крызский, лезгинский, рутульский, табасаранский, удинский и цахурский) и один мёртвый (агванский) языки. Лезгинские языки являются самой южной ветвью нахско-дагестанской семьи и соответственно самой южной языковой группой России[4]. Исторически они распространены на юге Дагестана и севере Азербайджана, а также представлены на востоке Грузии (удинский язык).

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