The Pearic languages (alternatively called the Chongic languages[1]) are a group of endangered languages of the Eastern Mon–Khmer branch of the Austroasiatic language family, spoken by Pear people (the Por, the Samré, the Samray, the Suoy, and the Chong) living in western Cambodia and eastern Thailand.[2][3]

Pearic
Chongic
Geographic distribution	Indochina
Linguistic classification	Austroasiatic Pearic
Proto-language	Proto-Pearic
Subdivisions	Pear Chong
Glottolog	pear1246
Pearic

This article or section should specify the language of its non-English content, using {{lang}}, {{transliteration}} for transliterated languages, and {{IPA}} for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate ISO 639 code. Wikipedia's multilingual support templates may also be used. (May 2019)

Pearic languages are remnants of the aboriginal languages of much of Cambodia, but have dwindled in numbers due to assimilation. "Pear" is a pejorative term meaning 'slave' or 'caste'.

Classification

Paul Sidwell proposed the following classification of the Pearic languages in Sidwell (2009:137), synthesizing analyses from Headley (1985), Choosri (2002), Martin (1974), and Peiros (2004)[4] He divides Pearic into two primary branches (Pear and Chong), with Chong being further divided into four groups.

• Pear of Kompong Thom (Baradat ms.)
• Chong
  • Southern
    • Suoi of Kampong Speu (Pannetier ms., Baradat ms.)
    • Saoch, two dialects:
      • Chung of Cambodia - Phum Veal Renh, Prey Nob District in Kampong Som (Isara Chooseri 2007), (Pannetier ms.)
      • Chung of Thailand - Kanchanaburi (Isara Chooseri 2007)
  • Western
    • Chong of Chantaburi (Baradat ms.)
    • (Branch)
      • Chong həəp (Martin 1974)
      • Khlong Phlu Chong (Siripen Ungsitibonporn 2001)
    • (Branch)
      • Chong lɔɔ (Martin 1974)
      • Wang Kraphrae Chong (Siripen Ungsitibonporn 2001)
      • Chong (Huffman 1983)
  • Central
    • Samre of Pursat
    • Samre (Pornsawan Ploykaew 2001)
    • Chong (Baradat ms.)
    • Kasong (Noppawan Thongkham 2003), historically called, Chong of Trat (Pannetier ms., Isarangura 1935)
  • Northern (Somray)
    • Somray of Battambang (Baradat ms.)
    • Somre of Siem Reap [nearly extinct] (Moura 1883)

Pearic lexical innovations include 'fish', 'moon', 'water leech', 'chicken', and 'fire'.[5]

Reconstruction

Headley (1985)

The Proto-Pearic language, the reconstructed ancestor of the Pearic languages, has been reconstructed by Robert Headley (1985).[6] The 149 Proto-Pearic forms below are from Headley (1985).

Sidwell & Rau (2015)

The following Proto-Pearic lexical proto-forms have been reconstructed by Sidwell & Rau (2015: 303, 340-363).[5]

Lexical innovations

Paul Sidwell (2015:203)[7] lists the following Pearic lexical innovations that had replaced original Proto-Austroasiatic forms.

Sidwell (2021) subsequently revised the list of Pearic lexical innovations as follows.[9]

References

Further reading

• Ferlus, Michel. 2009. "Toward Proto Pearic: Problems and Historical Implications". In Sophana Srichampa et al. (eds.), 38–51.

External links

• SEAlang Project: Mon–Khmer languages. The Pearic Branch
• Linguist races to save a dying language spoken in Cambodia
• Musiques Samrê des cardamomes
• Pearic/Chongic Languages Project by Paul Sidwell

На других языках

[fr] Langues péariques

[it] Lingue peariche