lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageThe Kartu languages is a group of Indigenous Australian languages spoken in the Murchison and Gascoyne regions of Western Australia. They are thought to be closely related and to form a low-level genealogical group.
Australian indigenous language group
| Kartu |
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Geographic distribution | Western Australia |
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| Linguistic classification | Pama–Nyungan |
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| Glottolog | kart1249 |
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 Kartu languages (green) among other Pama–Nyungan (tan). Wajarri is the southern and interior group. |
The languages usually considered to be members of the Kartu group are, from north to south:
The inclusion of Nhanda is dubious. It was excluded in Bowern & Koch (2004),[1] but retained in Bowern (2011).[2] Thaagurda was apparently also a Kartu language.
The name kartu comes from the word for 'man' in one of the languages. In some earlier work the word was spelled 'kardu'.
The Kartu languages form a branch of the Pama–Nyungan family.[2]
References
External links
Pama–Nyungan languages |
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Paman languages |
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| North | |
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| Northeast | |
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| Wik | |
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| Lamalamic | |
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| Yalanjic | |
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| Southwest | |
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| Norman | |
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| Thaypan | |
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| Southern | |
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| Other | |
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| Eastern Pama–Nyungan |
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| Dyirbalic | |
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| Maric | |
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| Waka–Kabic |
- Barunggam
- Dappil
- Gabi-Gabi
- Gureng Gureng
- Wakawaka
- Wuliwuli
|
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| Durubalic | |
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| Gumbaynggiric | |
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| Wiradhuric | |
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| Yuin–Kuric | |
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| Gippsland | |
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| Other | |
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|
| Southern Pama–Nyungan |
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| Yotayotic | |
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| Kulinic | Kolakngat
| Kulin |
- Bunurong
- Dja Dja Wurrung
- Ledji-Ledji
- Madhi-Madhi
- Taungurung
- Wadi-Wadi
- Wathaurong
- Wemba-Wemba
- Woiwurrung
|
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| Drual | |
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|
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| Lower Murray | |
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| Thura-Yura | |
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| Mirniny | |
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| Nyungic | |
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| Western Pama–Nyungan |
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| Kartu | |
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| Kanyara–Mantharta | |
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| Ngayarta | |
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| Marrngu | |
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|
| Northern Pama–Nyungan |
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| Ngumpin–Yapa | |
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| Warumungu | |
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| Warluwaric | |
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| Kalkatungic | |
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| Mayi | |
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|
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| Wati | |
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| Arandic | |
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| Karnic | |
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| Other |
- Baagandji
- Bulloo River (old Wangkumara/Garlali)
- Muruwari
- Yardli
|
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|
| | Macro-Pama–Nyungan? |
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| Macro-Gunwinyguan? | | Maningrida | |
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| Mangarrayi-Marran | |
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| Gunwinyguan | |
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| Other | |
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|
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| Tangkic | |
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| Garrwan | |
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|
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Australian Aboriginal and Tasmanian languages |
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Pama–Nyungan subgroups | | Southeastern |
- Lower Murray
- Yotayotic
- Gippsland
- Kulin
- Bungandidj
- Yuin-Kuric
- Central New South Wales
- Durubalic
- Yugambeh-Bundjalung
- Gumbaynggiric
- Waka-Kabic
- Anewan (Nganyaywana)
|
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| Northern |
- Kalkatungic
- Mayabic
- Paman
- Yimidhirr-Yalanji-Yidinic ?
- Guugu Yimidihirr
- Kuku Yalanji
- Yidiny
- Kalaw Lagaw Ya
- Maric
|
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| Central | |
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| Western |
- Yolŋu
- Ngarna
- Marrngu
- Ngumpin–Yapa
- Warumungu
- Wati
- Ngayarda
- Kanyara-Mantharta
- Kartu–Nhanda
- Mirning
- Nyunga
- Yinggarda
|
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| others | |
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|
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| Tangkic | |
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| Garrwan |
- Garawa (Garrwa, north)
- Waanyi (Wanji, south)
- Gunindiri (Kurnindirri, southwest)
|
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| Macro-Gunwinyguan ? | | Maningrida | |
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| Marran | |
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| Gunwinyguan proper | | Western | |
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| Central |
- Bininj Kunwok (Kunwinjku, Gunwinggu)
- Kunbarlang
- Dalabon (Ngalkbun)
|
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| Eastern | |
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|
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| Yangmanic–Wagiman? | |
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| other isolates | |
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|
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| Iwaidjan | |
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| Marrku–Wurrugu ? | |
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| Darwin Region ? | | | Limilngan–Wulna? | |
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| Umbugarlic | |
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|
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| Daly River Sprachbund | |
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| Mirndi |
|
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| Jarrakan | |
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| Bunuban | |
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| Worrorran | |
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| Nyulnyulan | | Western (Nyulnyulic) | |
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| Eastern (Dyukun) | |
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|
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| isolates | |
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Tasmanian family-level groups | | Western |
- Northwestern Tasmanian (Peerapper)
- Southwestern Tasmanian (Toogee) ?
|
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| Northern | |
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| Northeastern | |
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| Eastern | |
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