The Fu'an dialect (福安話) is a dialect of Eastern Min, which is a branch of Min Chinese spoken mainly in the eastern part of Fujian Province, China.
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Fu'an dialect | |
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Native to | Southern China |
Region | Ningde, Fu'an, Shouning, Zhouning and Zherong, Fujian province |
Language family | Sino-Tibetan
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Writing system | Chinese characters |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
ISO 639-6 | fuua |
Glottolog | None |
Linguasphere | 79-AAA-ibc |
The Fu'an dialect covers two city and three counties: Ningde, Fu'an, Shouning, Zhouning and Zherong County.
The Fu'an dialect has 18 initials, 50 rimes and 7 tones.
Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Alveolo-palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||||
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Stop | p | pʰ | t | tʰ | k | kʰ | ʔ | ||||||
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||||||||
Fricative | (β) | (f) | θ | (ʒ) | (ç) | x | |||||||
Affricate | ts | tsʰ | |||||||||||
Lateral | l | ||||||||||||
Approximant | j | ɰ |
Open syllable | i | u | e | ɛ | ø | œ | o | ɔ | a |
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ui | ei | ɔi | ai | ||||||
uai | |||||||||
iu | eu | ɛu | ou | au | |||||
iau | |||||||||
Nasal coda | iŋ (in, im) | uŋ (un, um) | øŋ (øn, øm) | œŋ (œn, œm) | aŋ (an, am) | ||||
ioŋ (ion, iom) | iaŋ (ian, iam) | ||||||||
uaŋ (uan, uam) | |||||||||
ɛŋ (ɛn, ɛm) | ouŋ (oun, oum) | ɔuŋ (ɔun, ɔum) | |||||||
Glottal coda | iʔ | uʔ | øʔ | œʔ | oʔ | ɔʔ | aʔ | ||
ioʔ | iaʔ | ||||||||
uaʔ | |||||||||
eiʔ | ɛiʔ | ouʔ | ɔuʔ | ||||||
Nasal | m̝ | n̝ | ŋ̍ | hŋ̍ |
No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
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Tone name | dark level 陰平 |
light level 陽平 |
rising 上聲 |
dark departing 陰去 |
light departing 陽去 |
dark entering 陰入 |
light entering 陽入 |
Tone contour | ˧˧˨ 332 | ˨ 22 | ˦˨ 42 | ˧˥ 35 | ˨˧ 23 | ˥ 5 | ˨ 2 |
The Coda of the Former Syllable | The initial assimilation of the Latter Syllable |
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Null coda |
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coda /-ŋ/ |
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coda /-k̚/ |
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The two-syllable tonal sandhi rules are shown in the table below (the rows give the first syllable's original citation tone, while the columns give the citation tone of the second syllable):
dark level 332 |
light level 22 |
rising 42 |
dark departing 35 |
light departing 23 |
dark entering 5 |
light entering 2 | |
dark level 332 |
55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
light level 22 |
332 | 35+42 | 55 | 44 | 44 | ||
rising 42 |
23+332 | 35+42 | 55 | 44 | 44 | ||
dark departing 35 |
55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
light departing 23 |
55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
dark entering 5 |
55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
light entering 2 |
35+5 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
Sino-Tibetan branches | |||||
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Western Himalayas (Himachal, Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim) |
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Eastern Himalayas (Tibet, Bhutan, Arunachal) | |||||
Myanmar and Indo-Burmese border |
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East and Southeast Asia |
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Dubious (possible isolates) (Arunachal) |
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Proposed groupings |
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Proto-languages |
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Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches. |
Min Chinese | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Major subdivisions |
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Standardised forms |
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Phonology |
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Grammar |
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Set phrase |
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Input method |
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History |
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Literary forms |
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Scripts |
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