The Quzhou dialect (衢州話; pronounced [dʒytɕiɯɦuɑ][missing tone] in the Quzhou dialect) is a dialect of Wu Chinese spoken in Quzhou, China.
This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Chinese. (January 2018) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Quzhou dialect | |
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衢州話 | |
Pronunciation | [dʒy tɕiɯ ɦuɑ] |
Native to | People's Republic of China |
Region | Quzhou prefecture, Zhejiang province |
Native speakers | approx. 2 million[citation needed] |
Language family | Sino-Tibetan
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Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Glottolog | chuz1238 |
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. |
Labial | Dental | Palatal | Postalveolar | Velar | Glottal | ||
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Nasal | m 迷 | n 拿 | ɲ 寧 | ŋ 咬 | |||
Plosive | voiceless | p 巴 | t 丁 | k 公 | ʔ 愛 | ||
aspirated | pʰ 怕 | tʰ 聽 | kʰ 空 | ||||
slack voice | b̥ 爬 | d̥ 停 | ɡ̊ 共 | ||||
Affricate | voiceless | ts 增 | tɕ 九 | tʃ 真 | |||
aspirated | tsʰ 寸 | tɕʰ 秋 | tʃʰ 春 | ||||
slack voice | d̥z̥ 存 | d̥ʑ̊ 求 | d̥ʒ̊ 陳 | ||||
Fricative | voiceless | f 方 | s 森 | ɕ 心 | ʃ 雙 | x 好 | |
slack voice | v̥ 房 | z̥ 時 | ʑ̊ 尋 | ʒ 床 | ɣ 或 | ||
Approximant | l 來 | (j) 移 | (w) 吳 | ɦ 或 |
There are at least the following finals: 姆 [m], 魚 [ŋ], 爾 [ɫ], 試 [ʐ]
水 [ɥ], 去 [i], 布 [u], 雨 [y]
家 [ɑ], 謝 [iɑ], 瓜 [uɑ]
菜 [e̞], 快 [ue̞]
走 [ɘɪ], 會 [uɘɪ]
包 [ɔ], 表 [iɔ]
勾 [ɤ], 九 [iɯ]
南 [ə], 官 [uə], 捐 [yə]
變 [ie]
三 [æ], 慣 [uæ]
本 [ən], 金 [iɲ], 昏 [uən], 運 [yɲ]
打 [ã], 兩 [iã], 昌 [uã]
方 [ɒ̃], 旺 [iɒ̃], 光 [uɒ̃]
公 [oŋ], 窘 [ioŋ]
六 [əʔ], 业 [iɘʔ], 國 [uəʔ], 肉 [yəʔ]
脱 [ənʔ], 衢 [ɥ]
白 [ɐ̞ʔ] -aq, 弱 [iɐ̞ʔ], 划 [uɐ̞ʔ]
The Quzhou dialect is considered to have seven tones. However, since the tone split from Middle Chinese, characters still depend on the voicing of the initial consonant. These constitute just three phonemic tones: ping, shang, and qu. (Ru syllables are phonemically toneless.)
Number | Tone name | Tone contour | Examples |
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1 | 陰平 yīn píng | [˦] (44) | 江天飛空 |
2 | 陽平 yáng píng | [˩˩˨] (112) | 來同魚頭 |
3 | 陰上 yīn shàng | [˧˦] (34) | 懂紙古口 |
4 | 陽去 yáng qù | [˧˩] (31) | 外地路道 |
5 | 陰去 yīn qù | [˥˨] (52) | 對去馬你 |
6 | 陽入 yīn rù | [˩˨̚] (12) | 六肉白石 |
7 | 陽入 yáng rù | [˥̚] (5) | 各黑出脫 |
你
ni
2SG
我
ŋu
1SG
個
kəʔ
GEN
朋友
põjɤ
friend
啘。
ue
PTCL
你 我 個 朋友 啘。
ni ŋu kəʔ põjɤ ue
2SG 1SG GEN friend PTCL
You are my friend
The first example can be compared with Japanese: あなたは私の友達だよ。(anata wa watashi no tomodachi dayo.) Here, 啘 resembles Japanese だよ (dayo).
渠(其)
ɡi
3SG
你
ɳi
2SG
老師
lɔsʐ
teacher
啘,
ue,
PTCL,
要
iɔ
have
尊重
tseɳd͡ʒõ
respect
人家。
niŋkɒ
other
渠(其) 你 老師 啘, 要 尊重 人家。
ɡi ɳi lɔsʐ ue, iɔ tseɳd͡ʒõ niŋkɒ
3SG 2SG teacher PTCL, have respect other
He/she is your teacher, and you have to respect him/her.
鉛筆
kæpiəʔ
pencil
借
t͡ʃiɒ
borrow
支
t͡sʐ
CL
我
ŋu
1SG
好伐?
xɔfɐ̞ʔ
INTERR
鉛筆 借 支 我 好伐?
kæpiəʔ t͡ʃiɒ t͡sʐ ŋu xɔfɐ̞ʔ
pencil borrow CL 1SG INTERR
Can I borrow a pencil?
飯
væ
rice/meal
再
t͡se
again
喫
t͡ɕʰiəʔ
eat
碗
uə
bowl
添,
tʰie,
PTCL?
多
tu
more
吃
t͡ɕʰiəʔ
eat
些兒
ʃin
more+
啊。
o
PTCL
飯 再 喫 碗 添, 多 吃 些兒 啊。
væ t͡se t͡ɕʰiəʔ uə tʰie, tu t͡ɕʰiəʔ ʃin o
rice/meal again eat bowl PTCL? more eat more+ PTCL
If you want to eat more, then eat more if you'd like.
感冒藥
kəmɔjɐ̞ʔ
cold medicine
喫嘞
t͡ɕʰiəʔləʔ
taking/eating
朆
vən
INTERR
你,
ɳi,
2SG,
覅
fiɔ
NEG
記弗着
t͡ɕʰifəʔt͡ʃɐ̞ʔ
verb-remember/NEG
掉
tɔ
PTCL
唻!
le
IMP
感冒藥 喫嘞 朆 你, 覅 記弗着 掉 唻!
kəmɔjɐ̞ʔ t͡ɕʰiəʔləʔ vən ɳi, fiɔ t͡ɕʰifəʔt͡ʃɐ̞ʔ tɔ le
{cold medicine} taking/eating INTERR 2SG, NEG verb-remember/NEG PTCL IMP
Have you taken your cold medicine yet? Don't forget to take it!
Sino-Tibetan branches | |||||
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Western Himalayas (Himachal, Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim) |
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Eastern Himalayas (Tibet, Bhutan, Arunachal) | |||||
Myanmar and Indo-Burmese border |
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East and Southeast Asia |
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Dubious (possible isolates) (Arunachal) |
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