lingvo.wikisort.org - Language

Anal or Anāl, also known as Pakan Naga after the two principal villages where it is spoken in, is a Southern Naga language, part of the Sino-Tibetan language family, spoken by the Anal people in India and a dwindling number in Myanmar. It had 83,000 speakers in India according to the 2001 census, and 55,000 in Myanmar in 2010.[1] It has two principal clans, Murchal and Moshum, and is closest to Lamkang. The language of wider communication is Meitei language. Anal is written in the Latin script,[2] with a literacy rate of about 87%.[1]

Anāl
Anāl written in Meitei script
Native to	India and Myanmar
Region	Southeast Manipur
Ethnicity	Anāl Naga
Native speakers	120,000 (2011 census)[1]
Language family	Sino-Tibetan (Tibeto-Burman) Kuki-Chin–Naga Southern Naga Anāl
Dialects	Langet
Writing system	Latin script Meitei script (to lesser extent)
Language codes
ISO 639-3	anm
Linguist List	qfs Langet
Glottolog	anal1239
ELP	Anal

Geographical distribution

Anal is spoken in Chandel district, southeastern Manipur, on the banks of the Chakpi River in Chandel, Chakpikarong, and Tangnoupal subdivisions (Ethnologue).

Phonology

Consonants

		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	voiceless	p	t		k
	aspirated	pʰ	tʰ		kʰ
	voiced	b	d
Affricate	voiceless			tʃ
	voiced			dʒ
Fricative			s			h
Nasal	voiceless	m̥	n̥		ŋ̊
	voiced	m	n		ŋ
Rhotic	voiceless		r̥
	voiced		r
Lateral	voiceless		l̥
	voiced		l
Approximant		ʋ

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i		u
Mid	e	ə	o
Open		a

[3]

Vocabulary

The following vocabulary exemplifies words in the language.[4]

Anal	gloss	Anal	gloss
khol	'deep hole'; 'social division'	ahno	'kind of short skirt'
lunguin	'kind of long shawl'	zupar	'rice beer'
piruili	'elopement'	Jol min	'bride price'
ithin	'divorce'	sinnuperu	'adultery'
pakum	'hearth'	mote	'first-born'
kopu	'second-born'	cakhow	'brown rice'
khon	'fifty rupees'	thunlon	'grave'
dao	'kind of iron blade'	shingkho	'plate'
vopum	'basket'	athiru	'kind of bead necklace'
akarfo	'kind of China necklace'	sanamba	'kind of fiddle'
tilli	'kind of flageolet'	tuklee	'kind of loom'

References

External links

• ELAR collection: A community-driven documentation of natural discourse in Anal, an endangered Tibeto-Burman language deposited by Pavel Ozerov

Bibliography

• Bareh, Hamlet (2007). Encyclopaedia of North-East India: Manipur. Vol. III. New Delhi: Mittai. ISBN 978-81-7099-790-0. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
• Prakash, Col Ved (2007). Encyclopaedia of North-East India. New Delhi: Atlantic. ISBN 978-81-269-0708-3. Retrieved 12 July 2011.

На других языках

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[de] Anal (Sprache)

Anal ist eine von 23.000 Menschen der Naga-Volksgruppe in Indien und Myanmar gesprochene sinotibetische Sprache.

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- [en] Anal language

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[es] Idioma anal

El anal o namfau es un idioma del grupo kuki-chin de las lenguas sinotibetanas hablado en el noreste de India, Birmania y posiblemente también en Bangladés. En el censo de 2001 de India, aparecían contabilizados 13.853 hablantes de este idioma.

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[fr] Anal (langue)

L'anal est une langue appartenant au groupe des langues kuki-chin appartenant elle-même à la famille des langues tibéto-birmanes.

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[ru] Анал (язык)

Анал (намфау) — тибето-бирманский язык северной группы ветви куки-чин. Число носителей в Индии — 23 200 человек (перепись 2001 года), в основном в штате Манипур по реке Чакпи, некоторое число в Мьянме, возможно также в Бангладеш[2]. ЮНЕСКО сообщает о цифрах в 23 000 носителей[3].

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