lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageWestern Tasmanian is an aboriginal language family of Tasmania in the reconstruction of Claire Bowern.[1]
Language family of Tasmania
Western Tasmanian |
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Ethnicity | Northwestern and Southwestern tribes of Tasmanians |
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Geographic distribution | Western coast and northwestern corner of Tasmania |
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Linguistic classification | Northern–Western Tasmanian? |
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Subdivisions |
- Northwestern (Peerapper) †
- ? West Point †
- ? Southwestern (Toogee) †
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Glottolog | west2205 |
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Tasmanian language families per Bowern (2012).
Western Tasmanian |
Languages
The Western Tasmanian languages are the most poorly attested of all Tasmanian families. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis suggests (at either p < 0.15 or p < 0.20) that Northwestern Tasmanian and Southwestern Tasmanian were distinct languages; several word lists of unrecorded provenance turn out to be Western Tasmanian or to have Western words mixed in. Bayesian analysis does not support a connection to other Tasmanian languages. However, manual comparison suggests they are related to the Northern Tasmanian languages, which are less poorly attested, though the similarities may be due to loans.[2]
Between the region inhabited by Western language groups and other Tasmanian language groups, there is a large strip of land in the western interior where no information has been found or published regarding possible inhabitants. This area has been mapped as having isolated the Western language groups from the rest of Tasmania except by small shared borders along the north and south coasts,[1] or on one shared border along the south coast only.[3]
References
- Claire Bowern, September 2012, "The riddle of Tasmanian languages", Proc. R. Soc. B, 279, 4590–4595, doi: 10.1098/rspb.2012.1842
- Bowern (2012), supplement.
- Aboriginal Australia map, published by Aboriginal Studies Press, AIATSIS, Canberra, 1994
Primary language families |
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Africa | |
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Eurasia (Europe and Asia) | |
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New Guinea and the Pacific |
- Arai–Samaia
- Austronesian
- Binanderean–Goilalan
- Border
- Bulaka River
- Central Solomons
- Chimbu–Wahgi
- Demta–Sentani
- Doso–Turumsa
- East Geelvink Bay
- East New Britain
- East Strickland
- Eleman
- Engan
- Fas
- Foja Range
- Kaure–Kosare
- Kiwaian
- Kutubuan
- Lakes Plain
- Lower Mamberamo
- Lower Sepik
- Madang
- Mairasi
- North Bougainville
- Pauwasi
- Ramu
- Senagi
- Senu River
- Sepik
- Skou
- South Bougainville
- Teberan
- Torricelli
- Trans-Fly
- Trans–New Guinea
- Turama–Kikorian
- Upper Yuat
- West Papuan
- Yam
- Yawa
- Yuat
- Northwest Papuan?
- Papuan Gulf?
| Isolates | |
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Australia | |
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North America | |
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Mesoamerica | |
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South America |
- Andoque–Urequena
- Arauan
- Araucanian
- Arawakan
- Arutani–Sape
- Aymaran
- Barbacoan
- Boran
- Cahuapanan
- Cariban
- Catacaoan
- Chapacuran
- Charruan
- Chibchan
- Choco
- Chonan
- Guaicuruan
- Guajiboan
- Harákmbut–Katukinan
- Jirajaran
- Jivaroan
- Katembri–Taruma
- Mascoian
- Matacoan
- Nadahup
- Nambikwaran
- Otomákoan
- Pano-Tacanan
- Peba–Yaguan
- Quechuan
- Piaroa–Saliban
- Ticuna–Yuri
- Timotean
- Tiniguan
- Tucanoan
- Tupian
- Uru–Chipaya
- Witotoan
- Yanomaman
- Zamucoan
- Zaparoan
- Bora–Witoto languages?
- Chimuan?
- Esmeralda–Yaruro?
- Hibito–Cholón?
- Lule–Vilela?
- Macro-Jê?
- Tequiraca–Canichana?
| Isolates (extant in 2000) | |
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Sign languages | | Isolates |
- See list of sign languages
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See also |
- Constructed languages
- Creoles
- Language isolates
- Mixed languages
- Pidgins
- Unclassified languages
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- Families with question marks (?) are disputed or controversial.
- Families in italics have no living members.
- Families with more than 30 languages are in bold.
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Australian Aboriginal and Tasmanian languages |
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Pama–Nyungan subgroups | Southeastern | Victorian P–N | |
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New South Wales P–N | |
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North Coast |
- Durubalic
- Bandjalangic
- Gumbaynggiric
- Waka–Kabic
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Northern | | Paman |
- Northern Paman
- Middle Paman
- Lamalamic
- Southwest Paman
- Southern Paman
- Flinders Island
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Maric |
- Northern
- Eastern
- Southern
- Bidyara–Gungabula
- Margany–Gunya
- Bindal ?
- Guwa–Yanda ?
- Kingkel ?
- Lower Burdekin ?
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Dyirbalic | |
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Yimidhirr–Yalanji–Yidinic |
- Guugu Yimidihirr
- Kuku Yalanji
- Yidiny
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Gulf | |
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Central | Arandic–Thura–Yura | |
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Karnic |
- Northern (Palku)
- Western
- Central
- Eastern
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Western | Yolŋu | |
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Ngarna/Warluwarric | |
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Desert Nyungic |
- Marrngu
- Ngumpin–Yapa
- Wati
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South-West P–N |
- Pilbara
- Ngayarda
- Kanyara–Mantharta
- Kartu–Nhanda
- Mirning
- Nyunga
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Others | |
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Tangkic | |
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Garrwan |
- Garawa (Garrwa, north)
- Waanyi (Wanji, south)
- Gunindiri (Kurnindirri, southwest)
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Macro-Gunwinyguan ? | Maningrida | |
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Marran | |
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Gunwinyguan proper | Western | |
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Central |
- Bininj Kunwok (Kunwinjku, Gunwinggu)
- Kunbarlang
- Dalabon (Ngalkbun)
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Eastern | |
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Yangmanic–Wagiman? | |
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other isolates | |
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Iwaidjan | Central (Warrkbi) | |
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Eastern (Goulburn Island) | |
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Southern | |
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Marrku–Wurrugu ? | |
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Darwin Region ? | | Limilngan–Wulna? | |
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Umbugarlic | |
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Daly River Sprachbund | |
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Mirndi |
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Jarrakan | |
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Bunuban | |
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Worrorran | |
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Nyulnyulan | Western (Nyulnyulic) | |
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Eastern (Dyukun) | |
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isolates | |
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Tasmanian family-level groups | Western |
- Northwestern Tasmanian (Peerapper)
- Southwestern Tasmanian (Toogee) ?
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Northern | |
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Northeastern | |
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Eastern | |
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Aboriginal Tasmanians |
- Dolly Dalrymple
- Wauba Debar
- Daniel Geale
- William Lanne
- Luggenemenener
- Mannalargenna
- Michael Mansell
- Fanny Cochrane Smith
- Truganini
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Tasmanian tribes | |
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Aboriginal history |
- Black War
- Cape Grim massacre
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Tasmanian languages | Northern–Western | |
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Northeastern | |
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Eastern | |
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Constructed | |
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See also: List of Indigenous Australian group names |
- By state or territory
- New South Wales
- Northern Territory
- Queensland
- South Australia
- Tasmania
- Victoria
- Western Australia
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Cities and other settlements | |
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Governance | |
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Mountains | |
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National parks | |
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Rivers | |
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Lakes | |
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Dams | |
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Power stations | |
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Transport | Railways |
- Emu Bay
- Macquarie Heads breakwater
- Melba
- Mount Dundas – Zeehan
- North East Dundas
- North Mount Lyell
- Strahan–Zeehan
- Wee Georgie Wood
- West Coast Wilderness
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Locomotives and rolling stock | |
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Railway stations and former railway stations |
- Queenstown
- Regatta Point
- Zeehan
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Landmarks | |
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People of note | |
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Mining |
- Comstock Mine
- Copper Mines
- Henty Gold Mine
- Mount Jukes Mine sites
- Mount Lyell Mining and Railway Company
- Mount Lyell Remediation and Research and Demonstration Program
- North Mount Lyell
- North Mount Lyell Disaster (1912)
- Renison Bell
- Stichtite
- West Coast Tasmania Mines
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Books and newspapers |
- For the Term of His Natural Life
- Gould's Book of Fish
- The Peaks of Lyell
- Walk to the West
- Western Tasmania: A land of Riches and Beauty
- Zeehan and Dundas Herald
- The West Coast Miner
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Other | |
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Settlements | |
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Governance | |
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Mountains |
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Protected areas, parks and reserves | |
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Rivers | |
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Lakes | |
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Lake Pedder controversy |
- Gordon
- Pedder
- Lake Pedder Action Committee
- United Tasmania Group
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Dams Franklin controversy | |
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Harbours, bays, inlets and estuaries | |
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Coastal features |
- High Rocky Point
- Low Rocky Point
- Point Hibbs
- South Coast
- South West Cape
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Power stations | |
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Transport |
- Gordon River Road
- Scotts Peak Dam Road
Railways |
- Great Western Railway (proposed never constructed)
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Landmarks | |
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People of note |
- Bob Brown
- Peter Dombrovskis
- Helen Gee
- James Goodwin
- Brenda Hean
- Richard Jones
- Deny King
- Eric Reece
- Olegas Truchanas
- T. B. Moore
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Islands |
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Books and newspapers |
- Tasmania's offshore islands
- Tasmania's Wilderness Battles
- The South West Book
- South West Tasmania Resources Survey
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Flora, fauna, and fishlife |
- Orange-bellied parrot
- Pedder galaxias
- Pedder earthworm
- Pedder planarian
- Pedra Branca skink
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Bioregions | |
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Indigenous heritage | |
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