Utian (also Miwok–Costanoan, previously Mutsun) is a family of indigenous languages spoken in Northern California, United States. The Miwok and Ohlone peoples both spoke languages of the Utian language family. It has recently been argued that the Utian languages and Yokuts languages are sub-families of the Yok-Utian language family (Callaghan 1997, 2001; Golla 2007:76-77). Utian and Yokutsan have traditionally been considered part of the Penutian language phylum (Goddard 1996:313-319; Mithun 1999; Shipley 1978:82-85).
Utian | |
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Miwok–Costanoan | |
Geographic distribution | California |
Linguistic classification | Yok-Utian
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Subdivisions |
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Glottolog | miwo1274 |
![]() Pre-contact distribution of Utian languages |
![]() | This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (April 2022) |
All Utian languages are severely endangered.
Penutian languages | |
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Chinookan | |
Plateau | |
Takelma | |
Kalapuyan | |
Coast Oregon | |
Wintuan | |
Maiduan | |
Yok-Utian | |
Tsimshianic |
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Italics indicate extinct languages |
Languages of California | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Italics indicate extinct languages | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Indigenous |
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Non-Indigenous |
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Primary language families | |||||
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Africa |
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Eurasia (Europe and Asia) |
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New Guinea and the Pacific |
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Australia |
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North America |
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Mesoamerica |
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South America |
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Sign languages |
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See also |
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Indigenous language families and isolates of North America | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Language families and isolates |
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Proposed groupings |
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Lists |
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