lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageThe Eastern Romance languages are a group of Romance languages. Today, the group consists of the Daco-Romance subgroup, which comprises the Romanian language (Daco-Romanian), Aromanian language and two other related minor languages, Megleno-Romanian, and Istro-Romanian.
Romance subfamily of the Balkans and Eastern Europe
See also: Proto-Romance and Daco-Romance languages
Eastern Romance |
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Geographic distribution | Balkans and part of Eastern Europe |
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Linguistic classification | Indo-European |
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Early forms | |
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Glottolog | east2714 |
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 Regions inhabited by Eastern Romance speakers at the beginning of the 21st century |
Some classifications also include the extinct Dalmatian language (otherwise included in the Italo-Dalmatian group) as part of the Daco-Romance subgroup, considering Dalmatian a bridge between Italian and Romanian.
Samples of Eastern Romance languages
Note: the lexicon used below is not universally recognized
Istro-Romanian[10][11][12] | Aromanian[13][14] | Megleno-Romanian[15] | Romanian | Italian | Spanish | Portuguese | French |
Latin source | English |
pićor | cicior | picior | picior | gamba | (pierna) | perna | jambe |
petiolus/gamba | leg |
kľeptu | cheptu | kľeptu | piept | petto | pecho | peito | poitrine |
pectus | chest |
bire | ghine | bini | bine | bene | bien | bem | bien |
bene | well, good |
bľerå | azghirari | zber | zbiera/a rage | ruggire | rugir | rugir | rugir |
bēlāre/rugīre |
to roar |
fiľu | hilj | iľu | fiu | figlio | hijo | filho | fils |
filius | son |
fiľa | hilje | iľe | fiică | figlia | hija | filha | fille |
fīlia |
daughter |
ficåt | hicat | | ficat | fegato | hígado | fígado | foie |
fīcātum |
liver |
fi | hire | ire | a fi | essere | ser | ser | être |
fuī/esse/sum |
to be |
fľer | heru | ieru | fier | ferro | hierro | ferro | fer |
ferrum | iron |
vițelu | yitsãl | vițål | vițel | vitello | (ternero) | vitelo | veau |
vitellus | calf |
(g)ľerm | iermu | ghiarmi | vierme | verme | verme (gusano) | verme | ver |
vermis | worm |
viu | yiu | ghiu | viu | vivo | vivo | vivo | vivant |
vīvus/vīvēns |
alive |
vipt | yiptu | | vipt | cibo (vitto) | comida (victo) | comida (vitualha) | victuaille (archaic) |
victus | food, grain, victuals |
mľe(lu) | njel | m'iel | miel | agnello | (cordero), añal (archaic) | cordeiro | agneau |
agnellus | lamb |
mľåre | njare | m'ari | miere | miele | miel | mel | miel |
mel | honey |
See also
- Balkan sprachbund
- Common Romanian
- Substrate in Romanian
References
- Bărdășan, Gabriel (2011), Lexicul Istroromân Moștenit din Latină. Suprapuneri și Diferențieri Interdialectale [Istro-Romanian vocabulary inherited from Latin. Interdialectal Overlaps and Differentiations] (in Romanian), archived from the original on 2019-07-25, retrieved 2019-09-01 – via diacronia.ro
- Dănilă, Ioan (2007), "Istroromâna în viziunea lui Traian Cantemir", The Proceedings of the "European Integration – Between Tradition and Modernity" Congress [Istro-Romanian in the vision of Traian Cantemir] (in Romanian), vol. 2, pp. 224–231, archived from the original on 2019-07-25, retrieved 2019-09-01 – via diacronia.ro
- Burlacu, Mihai (2010). "Istro-Romanians: The Legacy of a Culture". The IstroRomanian in Croatia.
- Caragiu Marioțeanu, Matilda, "Dialectul Aromân" [The Aromanian Dialect] (PDF), Avdhela Project – Library of Aromanian Culture (in Romanian), archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-10-24, retrieved 2019-09-01
- Vătășescu, Cătălina (2017), "Atlasul lingvistic al dialectului aromân, bază pentru cercetarea raporturilor aromâno-albaneze" [The linguistic atlas of the Aromanian dialect as a ground for a comparative research with the Albanian language], Fonetică și dialectologie (in Romanian), vol. XXXVI, pp. 215–221, archived from the original on 2019-07-25, retrieved 2019-09-01 – via diacronia.ro
- Dialectul Meglenoromân (PDF), archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-07-25, retrieved 2019-09-01
Sources
- Agard, Frederick Browning (1984). A Course in Romance Linguistics Volume 2: A Diachronic View. Georgetown University Press. ISBN 0-87840-074-5.
- Hall, Robert A. Jr. (1950). "The Reconstruction of Proto-Romance". Language. Linguistic Society of America. 26 (1): 6–27. doi:10.2307/410406. JSTOR 410406.
- Harris, Martin (1997). Harris, Martin; Vincent, Nigel (eds.). The Romance Languages. Taylor & Francis. pp. 1–25. ISBN 978-0-415-16417-7.
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin (2019). "Catalogue of languages and families". Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. Archived from the original on 2020-05-02. Retrieved 2019-07-15.
- Posner, Rebecca (1996). The Romance Languages. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-52-128139-3.
- Sampson, Rodney (1999). Nasal Vowel Evolution in Romance. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-823848-5.
- Schulte, Kim (2009). "Loanwords in Romanian". In Haspelmath, Martin; Tadmor, Uri (eds.). Loanwords in the World's Languages: A Comparative Handbook. De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 230–259. ISBN 978-3-11-021843-5.
- Swiggers, Pierre (2011). "Mapping the Romance Languages of Europe". In Lameli, Alfred; Kehrein, Roland; Rabanus, Stefan (eds.). Language Mapping: Part I. Part II: Maps. De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 269–301. ISBN 978-3-11-021916-6.
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Aromanian | |
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Istro-Romanian | |
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Megleno-Romanian | |
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Romanian | |
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Proto-languages | |
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- Italics indicate extinct languages or dialects
- Bold indicates varieties with more than 5 million speakers
- Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.
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Major branches | |
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Italo-Dalmatian | |
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Ibero-Romance | |
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Occitano-Romance | |
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Gallo-Romance | Langues d'oïl | |
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Francoprovencalic | |
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North Italian | |
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Rhaeto-Romance | |
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Eastern | |
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Others | |
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Reconstructed | |
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- Italics indicate extinct languages
- Bold indicates languages with more than 5 million speakers
- Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.
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Authority control: National libraries  | |
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На других языках
[de] Balkanromanische Sprachen
Balkanromanisch ist eine Sammelbezeichnung für die auf dem Balkan (im weiteren Sinne) heute und früher gesprochenen romanischen Sprachen. Die Gliederung der romanischen Sprachen insbesondere im traditionellen östlichen Verbreitungsgebiet bleibt umstritten.[1][2] Je nach Sichtweise repräsentieren die balkanromanischen Sprachen nur eine geographische Gliederung oder auch eine nähere Verwandtschaft. Die balkanromanischen Sprachen gehören nach verschiedenen Gliederungen zu den so genannten ostromanischen Sprachen, als rein geographische Gruppierung, gemeinsam mit dem Italienischen südlich der La-Spezia-Rimini-Linie oder als Teil einer Dreigliederung neben Westromania und Italoromania. Im letzteren Fall bleibt die Position der dalmatischen Sprache zwischen Rumänisch und Italoromanisch ambivalent.[3] Unter Bezugnahme auf den Romanisten Angelo Monteverdi kann man die Balkanromanischen Sprachen auch Dako-Illyrische Romania nennen.[4]
- [en] Eastern Romance languages
[es] Lenguas romances orientales
Las lenguas romances orientales son una rama lingüística que comprende las variedades romances habladas al sur y este de la línea Massa-Senigallia, las lenguas romances orientales por lo tanto serían el rumano, italiano, napolitano, siciliano y el extinto dálmata, entre otras variedades romances habladas en el centro y sur de Italia y en los Balcanes. Mientras que las lenguas romances situadas al norte y oeste de la línea como el español, portugués, francés, catalán, occitano, entre más variedades, pertenecerían a la rama occidental.[1][2][3]
[it] Lingue romanze orientali
Le lingue romanze orientali, chiamate anche lingue romanze balcaniche, sono quelle lingue neolatine che sono parlate (o erano parlate) nella penisola balcanica[1].
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