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Judaeo-Catalan (Hebrew: קטלאנית יהודית; Catalan: judeocatalà, IPA: [ʒuˌðewkətəˈla]), also called Catalanic or Qatalanit (Hebrew: קאטאלנית; Catalan: catalànic or qatalanit), was a presumed Jewish language spoken by the Jews in Northern Catalonia and what is today Northeastern Spain, especially in Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands.
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| Judaeo-Catalan | |
|---|---|
| Catalanic | |
| קטלאנית יהודית | |
| Region | Catalonia |
| Ethnicity | Catalonian Jews |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
Language family | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | None |
Linguistically, it has been described as sharing many features in common with early Judaeo-Provençal. This would be the case of the Jews living in Old Catalonia, stretching between Perpignan and Barcelona, linked with Occitania at least until the battle of Muret in 1213. Most Jewish texts in this area are written in Catalan with Hebrew characters. However, in western and southern Catalonia, Judaeo-Catalan should have been quite distinct from Judaeo-Provençal, mostly as a result of the Moorish conquest of Iberia. The golden age of Judaeo-Catalan is supposed to have been between the early 12th century and 1492, when the Jews were expelled from Spain by Alhambra Decree.
However, the very existence of the Judeo-Catalan is debated. While authors like Paul Wexler defend its existence,[1] it is usually understood that "the evidence of its existence is scarce, although texts are known that mix Catalan and Hebrew, and the subject is rather controversial".[2]
In one of the few investigations on the subject, Feliu and Ferrer (2011) analyzed a set of notarial texts of 1443, and concluded that their analysis "allows us to sign the death certificate of a linguistic ghost – the supposed 'Judeo-Catalan dialect' that never was".[3] Another subsequent study of some songs from the same period suggests the existence of a "linguistic repertoire of the Jews of medieval Catalonia", although it does not prove the existence of a dialect proper.[4]
See also
- Jewish languages
- Judæo-Romance languages
- Judæo-Provençal
References
- Wexler, Paul (1993). "Uncovering the Origins of the Judeo-Ibero-Romance Languages". In Stillman, Yedida (ed.). New Horizons in Sephardic Studies. Albany: State University of New York Press. pp. 211–214. ISBN 0791414019.
- Argenter (2013), p. 148–149
- Feliu & Ferrer (2011), p. 59
- Baum, Ilil (2016). "Hebrew-Catalan Medieval Wedding Songs: Satirical Functions of the Hebrew Component and Other Linguistic Aspects". Journal of Jewish Languages. 4 (2): 166–202. doi:10.1163/22134638-12340071.
Sources
- Argenter, Joan (2013). "Iberian language ecology: notes on history and current situation". In Jahr, Ernst Håkon; Trudgill, Peter; Vandenbussche, Wim (eds.). Language Ecology of the 21st Century: Social Conflicts in their Linguistic Environment. Oslo: Novus Forlag. pp. 137–164.
- Feliu, Francesc; Ferrer, Joan (2011). "Judaeo-Catalan: In Search of a Mediaeval Dialect that Never Was". Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies. 3 (1): 41–60. doi:10.1080/17546559.2011.556702. S2CID 162553109.
- Brinner, William. "Jewish Languages – European". Mishkan.com. Retrieved 2017-01-19.
- "judeocatalà" [Judaeo-Catalan]. enciclopèdia.cat (in Catalan). Retrieved 2017-01-19.
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На других языках
[de] Judäo-Katalanisch
Als Catalànic, auch Qatalanit (קאטאלנית) oder fachsprachlicher Judäo-Katalanisch, bezeichnet man eine jüdische Sprache, die von jüdischen Gemeinden im Nordosten des heutigen Spaniens, vor allem in Katalonien und auf den Balearen, gesprochen wurde. Aus linguistischer Sicht verfügte es über viele Gemeinsamkeiten mit dem frühen Shuadit (Judäo-Provenzalisch). Aus historischer, ethnischer und politischer Sicht war die katalanische Gemeinschaft lange Zeit von der Shuadit-Gemeinschaft getrennt. Dies ist hauptsächlich auf die maurische Besetzung der Iberischen Halbinsel zurückzuführen. Das Judäo-Katalanische erlebte seine Blütezeit zwischen dem 12. Jahrhundert und 1492, als die Juden aus Spanien vertrieben wurden (vgl. Alhambra-Edikt)[1][2].- [en] Judaeo-Catalan
[es] Judeocatalán
El judeocatalán (también llamado catalánico o קאטאלנית qatalanit) es una presunta lengua judeorromance hablada en la Edad Media por las comunidades judías procedentes de las regiones de lengua catalana.[it] Dialetto giudeo-catalano
Il giudeo-catalano, chiamato anche catalànic o qatalanit, in ebraico קטלאנית יהודית, era la varietà di catalano parlato dalle comunità ebraiche del nordest della Spagna, soprattutto della Catalogna e delle isole Baleari.[ru] Еврейско-каталанский диалект
Еврейско-каталанский диалект (ивр. קטלאנית יהודית; кат. judeocatalà), также каталаник или каталанит (ивр. קאטאלנית; кат. catalànic або qatalanit) — диалект каталонского языка, которым говорили евреи Арагонского королевства (Каталония, Валенсия и Балеарские острова) до изгнания их в 1492 году по Альгамбрскому эдикту. Типология, а порой и существование диалекта вызывает споры. Большая каталонская энциклопедия писала, что после 1492 года следы языка утеряны, а ряд более ранних текстов могут быть объяснены иначе [1].Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
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