lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageThe Ofayé or Opaye language, also Ofaié-Xavante, Opaié-Shavante, forms its own branch of the Macro-Jê languages. It is spoken by only a couple of the small Ofayé people, though language revitalization efforts are underway. Grammatical descriptions have been made by the Pankararú linguist Maria das Dores de Oliveira (Pankararu),[2] as well as by Sarah C. Gudschinsky[3] and Jennifer E. da Silva, from the Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul.
Language within the Macro-Jê stock
It was spoken on the Ivinhema River, Pardo River, and Nhandú River in Mato Grosso do Sul. Guachi, spoken on the Vacaria River in Mato Grosso do Sul, is a dialect.[4]
Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Macro-Mataguayo-Guaykuru languages due to contact.[5]
Phonology
The consonantal inventory of Ofayé is as follows.[2]: 40
Consonants
|
Labial |
Alveolar |
Postalveolar/ palatal |
Velar |
Labio-velar |
Glottal |
| Nasal |
|
n |
|
|
|
|
| Stop |
voiceless |
|
t |
tʃ |
k |
kʷ |
ʔ |
| voiced |
|
d |
dʒ |
g |
|
|
| Fricative |
ɸ |
|
ʃ |
|
|
h |
| Oral sonorant |
|
ɾ |
j |
|
w |
|
The vowel inventory of Ofayé is as follows.[2]: 42
Vowels
|
Front |
Central |
Back |
| Close |
i ĩ |
|
|
| Close-mid |
e ẽ |
ə |
o õ |
| Open-mid |
ɛ |
|
|
| Open |
|
a ã |
|
Vocabulary
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[4]
| gloss | Opaie |
| one | enex-há |
| two | yakwári |
| tongue | chü-õrá |
| foot | chü-gareyé |
| fire | mitáu |
| tree | komekatá |
| jaguar | woki |
| house | shüa |
| white | õká |
References
Languages of Brazil |
|---|
| Official language | |
|---|
| Regional languages | |
|---|
Indigenous languages | | Arawakan | |
|---|
| Arawan | |
|---|
| Cariban | |
|---|
| Panoan | |
|---|
| Macro-Jê | |
|---|
| Nadahup | |
|---|
| Tupian | |
|---|
| Chapacuran | |
|---|
| Tukanoan | |
|---|
| Nambikwaran | |
|---|
| Others | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Interlanguages | |
|---|
| Sign languages | |
|---|
| Non-official | |
|---|
Macro-Jê languages |
|---|
| Jê | | Cerrado | | Goyaz | | Panará | |
|---|
| Northern | | Timbira |
- Canela
- Krahô
- Pykobjê
- Krĩkatí
- Parkatêjê
- Kỳikatêjê
- Krẽjê
|
|---|
|
|---|
|
|---|
| Central (Akuwẽ) | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Jê of Paraná |
|
|---|
| Unclassified | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Trans–São Francisco | |
|---|
| Western | |
|---|
| Karajá | |
|---|
| Borôro ? | |
|---|
| Karirí ? | |
|---|
| Purían ? | |
|---|
Italics indicate extinct languages |
Indigenous language families and isolates of South America (based on Campbell 2012 classification) |
|---|
Language families and isolates | | Je–Tupi–Carib |
|
|---|
| Eastern Brazil | |
|---|
| Orinoco (Venezuela) |
|
|---|
| Andes (Colombia and Venezuela) | |
|---|
| Amazon (Colombia, Japurá–Vaupés area) |
- Tucanoan
- ? Bora–Witoto
- Andoque–Urequena
- Guajiboan
- Nadahup
- Puinave
|
|---|
| Pacific coast (Colombia and Ecuador) | |
|---|
| Pacific coast (Peru) | |
|---|
| Amazon (Peru) | |
|---|
| Amazon (west-central Brazil) |
- ? Arawan–Harákmbut–Katukinan
- ? Mura–Matanawí
- Trumai
|
|---|
| Mamoré–Guaporé | |
|---|
| Andes (Peru, Bolivia, and Chile) | |
|---|
| Chaco–Pampas |
- ? Mataco–Guaicuru
- Mascoyan
- Zamucoan
- Charruan
- Huarpean
- Lule–Vilelan
- Chonan
|
|---|
| Far South (Chile) | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Proposed groupings |
- Duho
- Macro-Andean
- Macro-Arawakan
- Macro-Chibchan
- Macro-Jê
- Macro-Jibaro
- Macro-Otomákoan
- Macro-Paesan
- Macro-Panoan
- Macro-Puinavean
- Macro-Warpean
- Arutani–Sape
- Bora–Witoto
- Esmeralda–Yaruroan
- Hibito–Cholon
- Je–Tupi–Carib
- Katembri–Taruma
- Mataco–Guaicuru
- Maya–Yunga–Chipayan
- Moseten–Chonan
- Quechumaran
- Saparo–Yawan
- Tequiraca–Canichana
- Wamo–Chapakura
- Amerind
|
|---|
| Linguistic areas |
- Chaco
- Mamoré–Guaporé
- Amazonian
|
|---|
| Countries |
- Argentina
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Colombia
- Chile
- Ecuador
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Venezuela
- Guyana
- Suriname
- French Guiana
|
|---|
| Lists |
- Languages
- Extinct languages
- Unclassified languages
- Classification
- Linguistic areas
|
|---|
На других языках
- [en] Ofayé language
[ru] Офайе (язык)
Офайе́ (Ofaié-Xavante, Ofayé, Ofayé-Xavante, Opaié-Shavante, Opayé) — малоупотребительный индейский язык, относящийся к семье языков макро-же, на котором говорит народ офайе, который проживает в штате Мату-Гросу-ду-Сул (вдоль рек Вакарис, Верде и Ивиньема, вокруг муниципалитета Брасиландия) в Бразилии. В настоящее время народ говорит главным образом на португальском языке или кайва.
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