lingvo.wikisort.org - Language

Zarphatic, or Judeo-French (Zarphatic: Tzarfatit), is an extinct Jewish language that was spoken by the French Jews of northern France and in parts of west-central Germany, such as Mainz, Frankfurt am Main and Aix-la-Chapelle. It was also spoken by French Jews who moved to Norman England.[3]

This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2022)

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (May 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the French article. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 5,219 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Sarphatique]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|fr|Sarphatique}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Zarphatic
Judæo-French
צרפתית Tzarfatit
Native to	France, Germany and England
Extinct	14th century[1]
Language family	Indo-European Italic Latino-Faliscan Romance Italo-Western Western Romance Gallo-Romance Gallo-Rhaetian[2] (possibly) Oïl Zarphatic
Early forms	Old Latin Classical Latin Vulgar Latin Old Gallo-Romance Old French
Language codes
ISO 639-3	zrp
Glottolog	zarp1238

Etymology

The term Zarphatic, coined by Solomon Birnbaum,[4] comes from the Hebrew name for France, Tzarfat (צרפת), which was originally used in the Hebrew Bible as a name for the city of Sarepta, in Phoenicia. Some have conjectured that the language influenced the development of Yiddish.[5]

Writing

This section does not cite any sources. (January 2022)

It was written by a modified Hebrew script and first appeared in the 11th century, in glosses to texts of the Hebrew Bible and the Talmud written by the great rabbis Rashi and Moshe HaDarshan. Constant expulsions and persecutions, resulting in great waves of Jewish migration, brought about the extinction of Zarphatic by the end of the 14th century.

One feature, unlike most other Indo-European Jewish languages, was that to represent vowel sounds, instead of using Hebrew letters with no matching phonemes in the language, it made extensive use of the Tiberian system of vocalisation to indicate the full range of Old French vowels.

Vocabulary

This section does not cite any sources. (January 2022)

Another interesting feature was that its vocabulary had relatively few Hebrew loanwords, unlike almost all other Jewish languages.

See also

• Judeo-Romance languages

References

• Information for this article draws heavily on the information presented on the Jewish Languages project Judeo-French page
• Hillaby, Joe (2013). The Palgrave Dictionary of Medieval Anglo-Jewish History. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0230278165.
• Philippe Bobichon, Controverse judéo-chrétienne en Ashkenaz (XIIIe s.). Florilèges polémiques : hébreu, latin, ancien français, Bibliothèque de l’EPHE-SR, Paris, 2015 online

External links

• Menahem Banitt and Cyril Aslanov (1972, 2006), Judeo-French Archived 2015-07-19 at the Wayback Machine, from Encyclopaedia Judaica; via Jewish Virtual Library

На других языках

---

[de] Zarfatische Sprache

Zarfatisch, Judäo-Französisch oder Judenfranzösisch (Zarfatisch: Tsarfatit) ist eine ausgestorbene romanische Sprache, die von den Juden Nordfrankreichs (d. h. im Bereich der langues d’oïl), in Flandern und den jüdischen Gemeinden des Rheinlands (Mainz, Frankfurt am Main u. a.) gesprochen wurde. Der Status des Zarfatischen als eigenständige Sprache in Abgrenzung zum Altfranzösischen ist unter Linguisten jedoch umstritten.[1]

---

- [en] Zarphatic language

---

[fr] Sarphatique

Le sarphatique ou judéo-français, parfois laaz occidental[1], est une langue judéo-romane médiévale, aujourd'hui disparue, qui était en usage dans le Nord de la France, au sein des communautés juives de l'aire géographique de la langue d'oïl et à l'ouest du Saint-Empire germanique notamment dans les villes de Mayence (Magenza) et de Metz, probablement dans un usage essentiellement livresque, religieux ou exégétique.

---

[it] Lingua zarfatica

La lingua zarfatica[1] (codice ISO 639-3 zrp) o giudaico-francese (in zarfatico: Tsarfatit) è stata una lingua giudaica, oramai estinta, parlata dalle comunità ebraiche nel nord della Francia ed in parte in quella che ora è la sezione centro-occidentale della Germania, corrispondente alle città di Magonza, Francoforte sul Meno e Aquisgrana. La lingua si è estinta nel XIV secolo a causa delle deportazioni e delle persecuzioni subite dagli ebrei.[2]

---

---