lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageThe Leonhard Schultze (Leonard Schultze) or Walio–Papi languages are a proposed family of about 6 Papuan languages spoken in the Sepik river basin of northern Papua New Guinea. They are spoken along the border region of East Sepik Province and Sandaun Province, just to the south of the Iwam languages.
Family of Papuan languages
Leonhard Schultze |
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Geographic distribution | Leonard Schultze River, Papua New Guinea |
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Linguistic classification | Sepik |
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Subdivisions |
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Glottolog | None |
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The languages are named after the Leonhard Schultze River, which is in turn named after German anthropologist Leonhard Schultze-Jena.
Languages
The Leonard Schultze languages are:
Classification
The Leonhard Schultze languages were traditionally classified by Laycock and Z'graggen (1975) as part of the Sepik language family.[1]
Foley (2018) classifies the Leonhard Schultze languages separately as an independent language family rather than as part of the Sepik languages (as in previous classifications proposed by others).[2] However, this classification is not accepted by Glottolog, which splits up the Walio and Papi branches and considers them each to be a primary language family.
Vocabulary comparison
The following basic vocabulary words are from Conrad and Dye (1975),[3] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:[4]
gloss | Walio | Yawiyo (Wosawari dialect) | Papi |
head |
tiᵽo | tipafu | auwiyu |
hair |
tiřeʔ | yei | ařupisi |
ear |
aᵽoᵽo | afe | mʌgʌnaba |
eye |
nogub̶ʌnɛ | nimau | sunweyo |
nose |
tʌᵽsɛᵽoʔ | tɩmʌsi | tʌnipɔku |
tooth |
nʌᵽaᵽala | nʌfe | sʋmunu |
tongue |
nʌgʌya | tanotai | sakeyo |
louse |
natʌᵽi | dibafuyei | ařupɩsɩ |
dog |
kauwaᵽo | ifau; ivau | agabu |
pig |
taǏib̶o | ami ami | tʌmaub̶o |
bird |
| auma | ɔb̶ɔ; ɔːsani |
egg |
naᵽu | aumufu | usouyo |
blood |
liʔ | teyuowa | taneke |
bone |
ipalib̶o | ihuwa | naikʌmio |
skin |
aᵽayo | toefahewa | pʌsiyæ |
breast |
matʌᵽulo | mama | abiyaiɔ |
tree |
biᵽoʔ | yanu | naːb̶ʌkʌ |
man |
ɛlɛgobuwo | to; to iːwa | sanoᵽo |
woman |
tɔkotʌb̶isia | sauto | suːbu |
water |
ǥwei | utlauwe | ařukowa |
fire |
linati | tanuwa; tiyami | řiku |
stone |
ᵽuboʔ | tab̶iya | tab̶iyaio |
road, path |
ʔɛᵽobu | efʌmowa | pʌbřiyaio |
eat |
kanab̶o | afaʔunařu | opo akepo |
one |
aǏia gʌǏaǏilau | ařʌsʌbau | sunuboku |
two |
ǥuřaǥaʔ | ařʌfři | suwʌbiyaio |
References
- Laycock, D. C. and Z'graggen, John A. 1975. The Sepik-Ramu Phylum. In Wurm, S.A. (ed.), Papuan Languages and the New Guinea Linguistic Scene, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study 1, 729-763. Australian National University.
- Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- Conrad, R. and Dye, W. "Some Language Relationships in the Upper Sepik Region of Papua New Guinea". In Conrad, R., Dye, W., Thomson, N. and Bruce Jr., L. editors, Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No. 18. A-40:1-36. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. doi:10.15144/PL-A40.1
- Greenhill, Simon (2016). "TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea". Retrieved 2020-11-05.
Primary language families |
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Africa | |
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Eurasia (Europe and Asia) | |
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New Guinea and the Pacific | |
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Australia | |
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North America | |
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Mesoamerica | |
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South America | | Isolates (extant in 2000) | |
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Sign languages | | Isolates |
- See list of sign languages
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See also |
- Constructed languages
- Creoles
- Language isolates
- Mixed languages
- Pidgins
- Unclassified languages
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- Families with question marks (?) are disputed or controversial.
- Families in italics have no living members.
- Families with more than 30 languages are in bold.
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