lingvo.wikisort.org - Language

Search / Calendar

Guaicuruan (Guaykuruan, Waikurúan, Guaycuruano, Guaikurú, Guaicuru, Guaycuruana) is a language family spoken in northern Argentina, western Paraguay, and Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul). The speakers of the languages are often collectively called the Guaycuru peoples. For the most part, the Guaycuruans lived in the Gran Chaco and were nomadic and warlike, until finally subdued by the various countries of the region in the 19th century.

Guaicuruan
Waikurúan
EthnicityGuaycuru peoples
Geographic
distribution
northern Argentina, western Paraguay, southern Brazil
Linguistic classificationMataco–Guaicuru ?
  • Guaicuruan
Subdivisions
Glottologguai1249

Genetic relations


Jorge A. Suárez includes Guaicuruan with Charruan in a hypothetical Waikuru-Charrúa stock. Morris Swadesh includes Guaicuruan along with Matacoan, Charruan, and Mascoian within his Macro-Mapuche stock. Both proposals appear to be obsolete.


Family division


There is a clear binary split between Northern Guaicuruan (Kadiwéu) and Southern Guaicuruan according to Nikulin (2019).[1] Guaicuruan/Waikurúan languages are often classified as follows:

Abipón, Guachí, and Payaguá all are extinct.

Lyle Campbell (2012) classifies Guachi and Payagua each as language isolates.[2]

Harriet Klein argues against the assumption that Kadiweu is Guaicuruan. Most others accept the inclusion of Kadiweu into the family. The Guachi were absorbed by the Mbayá. The similarities with the Mbayá language may be due to borrowing rather than a familial relationship.[3]


Mason (1950)


Internal classification of the Guaicuruan languages by Mason (1950):[4]

Possible or doubtful Guaicuruan languages listed by Mason (1950):


Vocabulary


Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for the Guaicuruan languages.[5]

glossGuaicuruKaduveoBeakeoToba-GuazúToba-MichíKomlékPilagáMocovíAbiponGuachíPayaguá
one uniniteguíoniúdeuniditiknatedakmolekniátakolékonolikiñiatedaiñitãratamakhesle
two itoadaedoádaitio-átatekakainídivastolukadiákteiñabakoiñoakáeuexotigaké
eye ni-güekogüeo-gekorei-gékureiya-itikada-itékade-itékada-iténiko-ténato-eteya-tayaya-tígui
ear na-pagateona-parátea-paratetelake-telákadke-tilákalke-teláli-kelaketalirtan-metéya-igua
tooth no-güeodo-aodoː-uéka-duhekada-uvékado-daitíkada-etéovéna-vueya-vaya-serata
man uneleiːguaonelégioinelégioːyaléyaléyalélxiguoyaléyoaléshakupakú
water nogodiniorodiníoroːdietaratnetathnoröpitaratvarayákenarpöakueig
fire nuledinolédinoːlédinodéknodékdóledolénoríknkátekhicháte
earth iyogodiiːgoírualoaalugál'ovaaluáalobáalóaleeknagiku
fish nagoyegínorodzyeinrodzyégniyakniyakniːaknigiyaknayínoayianeinahiguáte

References


  1. Nikulin, Andrey V. 2019. The classification of the languages of the South American Lowlands: State-of-the-art and challenges / Классификация языков востока Южной Америки. Illič-Svityč (Nostratic) Seminar / Ностратический семинар, Higher School of Economics, October 17, 2019.
  2. Campbell, Lyle (2012). "Classification of the indigenous languages of South America". In Grondona, Verónica; Campbell, Lyle (eds.). The Indigenous Languages of South America. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 2. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 59–166. ISBN 978-3-11-025513-3.
  3. Steward, Julian H. (1946), Handbook of South American Indians, Volume 1, The Marginal Tribes, Washington: Smithsonian Institution, p. 214
  4. Mason, John Alden (1950). "The languages of South America". In Steward, Julian (ed.). Handbook of South American Indians. Vol. 6. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office: Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143. pp. 157–317.
  5. Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.

Bibliography





На других языках


- [en] Guaicuruan languages

[es] Lenguas guaicurú

Guaicuruan (Guaykuruan, Waikurúan, Guaycuruano, Guaikurú, Guaicuru, Guaycuruana) es una familia de lenguas hablada en el norte de Argentina, el oeste de Paraguay y Brasil (Mato Grosso do Sul). Los hablantes de las lenguas a menudo se denominan colectivamente pueblos guaycuru. En su mayor parte, los guaycuruanos vivían en el Gran Chaco y eran nómadas y belicosos, hasta que finalmente fueron sometidos por los diversos países de la región en el siglo XIX.

[ru] Языки гуайкуру

Гуайку́ру (гуайкурские, вайкуру языки) — семья индейских языков Южной Америки. Распространены на севере Аргентины, в некоторых районах Парагвая и Боливии и на юге Бразилии (штат Мату-Гросу-ду-Сул). Общее число говорящих около 60 тыс. человек. (оценка, начало 2000-х гг.).



Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии