lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageThe Timotean languages were spoken in the Venezuelan Andes around what is now Mérida. It is assumed that they are extinct. However, Timote may survive in the so-far unattested Mutú (Loco) language, as this occupies a mountain village (Mutús) within the old Timote state.[1][2]
Language family
Timótean |
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Geographic distribution | Venezuela |
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Linguistic classification | Timotean |
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Subdivisions |
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Glottolog | (not evaluated) |
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 Timote and Cuica toponyms |
Genetic relations
There is no apparent connection to the Chibchan, Arawakan, or Cariban families, apart from sporadic resemblances with Paez and some divergent Chibchan languages, so Timotean appears to be an independent family.
Jolkesky (2016) also notes that there are lexical similarities with the Jirajaran languages.[3]
Languages
There were two closely related languages, each a pair of dialects:
- Timote–Cuica (Miguri, Cuica, "Cicua", spoken by the Timoto–Cuica people)
- Mucuchí–Maripú (Mocochí, Mirripú)
Traditionally, Mucuchí and Mirripú have been classified as dialects of Timote, with Cuica as a distinct language, but the data in Loukotka (1968)[4] indicates that Cuica is a dialect of Timote, and that Mucuchí–Mirripú are a separate language (Kaufman 2007; Campbell 1997, 2012).
Vocabulary
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Timotean languages.[4]
gloss | Timote | Cuica | Mocochi | Mirripú |
one |
kári | karí | karí | karí |
two |
gem | xem | xem | xem |
three |
shuént | shuent | shut | sut |
head |
ki-kushám | ki-kushan | kisham | |
ear |
ki-kumeu | ki-kumeu | ti-subú | |
tooth |
ki-kunñuch | | chi-runch | |
man |
kiukiai | kiukiai | kaʔak | kage |
water |
shömpú | shombuch | shimpué | shimpú |
fire |
shirup | shnopa | churup | chirup |
sun |
nareúpa | nareupa | umpú | |
maize |
chxá | chxa | chixsak | chipxak |
bird |
kiukchú | kchu | | |
house |
kurakata | kfok | shimanakot | sharakot |
References
External links
Primary language families |
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Africa | |
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Eurasia (Europe and Asia) | |
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New Guinea and the Pacific | |
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Australia | |
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North America | |
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Mesoamerica | |
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South America | | Isolates (extant in 2000) | |
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Sign languages | | Isolates |
- See list of sign languages
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See also |
- Constructed languages
- Creoles
- Language isolates
- Mixed languages
- Pidgins
- Unclassified languages
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- Families with question marks (?) are disputed or controversial.
- Families in italics have no living members.
- Families with more than 30 languages are in bold.
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Indigenous language families and isolates of South America (based on Campbell 2012 classification) |
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Language families and isolates | Je–Tupi–Carib |
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Eastern Brazil | |
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Orinoco (Venezuela) |
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Andes (Colombia and Venezuela) | |
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Amazon (Colombia, Japurá–Vaupés area) | |
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Pacific coast (Colombia and Ecuador) | |
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Pacific coast (Peru) | |
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Amazon (Peru) | |
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Amazon (west-central Brazil) | |
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Mamoré–Guaporé | |
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Andes (Peru, Bolivia, and Chile) | |
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Chaco–Pampas | |
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Far South (Chile) | |
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Proposed groupings | |
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Linguistic areas |
- Chaco
- Mamoré–Guaporé
- Amazonian
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Countries |
- Argentina
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Colombia
- Chile
- Ecuador
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Venezuela
- Guyana
- Suriname
- French Guiana
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Lists |
- Languages
- Extinct languages
- Unclassified languages
- Classification
- Linguistic areas
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На других языках
- [en] Timotean languages
[es] Lenguas timote-cuica
Las lenguas timote-cuica es un grupo de variedades lingüísticas extintas que se hablaban en el oeste de Venezuela, en los estados Mérida, Barinas y Trujillo. No existe certeza de si el timote y el cuica eran lenguas diferentes o deben considerarse variantes de la misma lengua.[1] Se cree que las lenguas están extintas en la actualidad aunque aún en 1977 se recogieron algunos datos en la localidad de Mutús por encima de Pueblo Llano.
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