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Namuyi (Namuzi; autonym: na54 mʑi54) is a poorly attested Tibeto-Burman and more specifically Naic language of Sichuan and Tibet. It has also been classified as Qiangic by Sun Hongkai (2001) and Guillaume Jacques (2011). The eastern and western dialects have low mutual intelligibility. In Sichuan, it is spoken in Muli County and Mianning County. The language is endangered[2] and the number of speakers with fluency is decreasing year by year, as most teenagers do not speak the language, instead speaking the Sichuan dialect of Chinese.[3]

Namuzi
Namuyi
Native toChina
Native speakers
5,000 (2007)[1]
Language family
Language codes
ISO 639-3nmy
Glottolognamu1246
ELPNamuyi
Namuyi is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Geographical distribution


Namuyi is a language spoken in the following four villages of southern Sichuan:[4]

It is also spoken in Muli and Yanyuan of the Liangshan Autonomous Prefecture and Jiulong County in the Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture.[4]


Dialects


The Namuyi language is subdivided into two different dialects, the dialect of spoken by the people around Muli, and the dialect of those spoken in Mianning. The dialects differ mainly in phonology, where the Mianning and Yanyuan dialect have few consonant clusters as opposed to the Mianning and Xichang dialect.[5]


Phonology


There are 40 single-consonant initials in the Namuyi language.[5] Namuyi also has ten phonemic vowels, /i/ for [i], /e/ for [e], /ɛ/ for [ɛ], /ɨ/ for [ʃ,ɯ] /ʉ/ for [y], /ə/ for [ə], /a/ for [a], /u/ for [u], /o/ for [o], and /ɔ/ for [ɔ].[3] There is no phonological vowel length, though speakers can lengthen a vowel in the first syllable at times to emphasize a word.[3][6]

Bilabial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
plain trilled plain trilled
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Stop voiceless p t k q (ʔ)
voiced b d ɡ ɢ
aspirated
Affricate voiceless t͡s t͡ɕ
voiced d͡z d͡ʑ
aspirated pʰ͡s, pʰ͡ʂ t͡sʰ tʂʰ t͡ɕʰ
Fricative voiceless f s ʂ x χ
voiced v z ʐ ʁ ɦ
Approximant voiceless
voiced w l j

References


  1. Namuzi at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. "Namuyi". Endangered Languages. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
  3. Nishida, Fuminobu (2013). "Phonetics and Phonology of Dzolo Dialect of Namuyi". Arutesu riberaresu / Artes Liberales. 92: 21–54. doi:10.15113/00013130.
  4. Lakhi, Libu; Hefright, Brook; Stuart, Kevin (2007). "The Namuyi: Linguistic and Cultural Features". Asian Folklore Studies. 66 (1/2): 233–253. JSTOR 30030460.
  5. Hongkai, Sun (1990). "Languages of the Ethnic Corridor in Western Sichuan" (PDF). Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 13 (1): 1–31.
  6. Pavlík, Štěpán (2017). The Description of Namuzi Language (Ph.D. thesis). Charles University. hdl:20.500.11956/95965.




На других языках


- [en] Namuyi language

[fr] Namuyi

Le namuyi (ou namuzi, en chinois 纳木兹语 nàmùzīyǔ[3]) est une langue tibéto-birmane parlée en Chine dans la province du Sichuan. Ses locuteurs, au nombre de 4 000, font partie de la nationalité tibétaine. C'est une langue à quatre tons.



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