lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageIsirawa is a Papuan language spoken by about two thousand people on the north coast of Papua province, Indonesia. It's a local trade language, and use is vigorous. Stephen Wurm (1975) linked it to the Kwerba languages within the Trans–New Guinea family, and it does share about 20% of its vocabulary with neighboring Kwerba languages. However, based on its pronouns, Malcolm Ross (2005) felt he could not substantiate such a link, and left it as a language isolate. The pronouns are not, however, dissimilar from those of Orya–Tor, which Ross links to Kwerba, and Donahue (2002) accept it as a Greater Kwerba language.
Kwerbic language spoken in Indonesia
Isirawa |
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Native to | Indonesia |
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Region | Papua |
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Native speakers | 1,800 (2000)[1] |
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Language family | |
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ISO 639-3 | srl |
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Glottolog | isir1237 |
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ELP | Isirawa |
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Locations
In Sarmi Regency, Isirawa is spoken in Amsira, Arabais, Arsania, Kamenawari, Mararena, Martewar, Nisero, Nuerawar, Perkami, Siaratesa, Waim, Wari, and Webro villages.[2]
Grammar
In Isirawa, the feminine gender is associated with big objects, and masculine with small objects; the opposite association is found in Tayap and the Sepik languages, which classify large objects as masculine rather than feminine.[3]
Pronouns
The Isirawa pronouns are,
I | a-, e |
we | nen-, ne |
you | o-, mə |
all third person | e-, maə, ce, pe |
Ross's reconstructed Orya–Tor pronouns are *ai 'I', *ne 'we' (inclusive), *emei 'thou', *em 'you'.
Isirawa pronoun paradigm as given in Foley (2018):[4]
pronoun | nominative | accusative | possessive |
1s | e | afo | wə |
2s | mɪ | ofo | of |
3s | | efo | ef |
1d | ne | nenfo | nenef |
2d | mɪ | ofnafo | ofnaf |
3d | | efnafo | efnaf |
1p | ne | nenfɪvo | nenfɪ(v) |
2p | mɪ | ofɪvo | ofɪ(v) |
3p | | efɪvo | efɪ(v) |
References
- Isirawa at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2019). "Indonesia languages". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (22nd ed.). Dallas: SIL International.
- Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- Foley, William A. (2018). "The languages of Northwest New Guinea". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 433–568. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- Clouse, Duane, Mark Donohue and Felix Ma. 2002. "Survey report of the north coast of Irian Jaya."
Languages of Indonesia |
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Western languages |
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Malayo-Sumbawan | |
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Javanese | |
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Celebic | |
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Lampungic | |
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Northwest Sumatra– Barrier Islands | |
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South Sulawesi | |
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Barito | |
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Kayan–Murik | |
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Land Dayak | |
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North Bornean | |
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Philippine languages | Central Philippine | |
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Gorontalo-Mongondow | |
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Minahasan | |
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Sangiric | |
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Central-Eastern languages |
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Aru | |
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Central Maluku | |
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Flores–Lembata | |
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Halmahera- Cenderawasih | |
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Kei-Tanimbar | |
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Selaru | |
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Sumba–Flores | |
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Timor–Babar | |
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Western Oceanic | |
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Papuan languages |
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North Halmahera | |
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Timor–Alor–Pantar | |
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Asmat–Mombum | |
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West Bird's Head | |
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South Bird's Head | |
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East Bird's Head | |
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West Bomberai | |
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Dani | |
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Paniai Lakes | |
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Digul River | |
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Foja Range | |
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Lakes Plain | |
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East Cenderawasih Bay | |
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Yawa | |
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Demta–Sentani | |
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Ok | |
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Momuna–Mek | |
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Skou | |
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South Pauwasi | |
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East Pauwasi | |
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West Pauwasi | |
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Kaure–Kosare | |
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Marind–Yaqai | |
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Bulaka River | |
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Kayagar | |
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Border | |
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Senagi | |
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Mairasi | |
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Kolopom | |
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Yam | |
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Lower Mamberamo | |
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Others | |
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Other languages |
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Creoles and Pidgins |
Other creoles and pidgins | |
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Immigrant languages | Chinese | |
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European | |
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Indian | |
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Middle Eastern | |
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Others | |
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Sign languages | |
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Tor–Kwerba languages (Foja Range) |
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Orya–Tor | |
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Kwerbic | |
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Nimboran | |
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other | |
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На других языках
- [en] Isirawa language
[fr] Isirawa
L'isirawa est une langue papoue parlée dans la province de Papouasie en Indonésie.
[ru] Исирава (язык)
Исира́ва — (индон. Bahasa Isirawa), также известен под рядом других самоназваний и названий — папуасский язык, использующийся одноимённой народностью, проживающей на северном побережье индонезийской территории острова Новая Гвинея. По состоянию на середину 2000-х годов вопрос классификации исирава в рамках лингвистического деления папуасских языков остаётся спорным. Общее количество носителей на то же время составляет около 2000 человек.
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