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Totoli (also known as Tolitoli) is a Sulawesi language of the Austronesian language family spoken by 25,000 people of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Totoli
Native toparts of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Native speakers
25,000 (2001)[1]
Language family
Austronesian
  • Malayo-Polynesian (MP)
    • Celebic
      • Tomini–Tolitoli ?
        • Tolitoli
          • Totoli
Language codes
ISO 639-3txe
Glottologtoto1304
ELPTotoli

Grammar



Voice


Totoli has a symmetrical voice system.[2] In the examples below, i Winarno mongusut kunji motorna is an actor voice construction, while kunji itu kusuti i Winarno. is an undergoer voice construction.

I

HON

Winaro

PN

moN-kusut

AV-look.for

kunji

key

motor=na

scooter=3S.GEN

I Winaro moN-kusut kunji motor=na

HON PN AV-look.for key scooter=3S.GEN

'Winarno is looking for the keys of his scooter.'[2]:1

kunji

key

itu

DIST

kusut-i

look.for-UV2

i

HON

Winaro

PN

kunji itu kusut-i i Winaro

key DIST look.for-UV2 HON PN

'The keys are being looked for by Winarno.'[2]:1 Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (help);

The syntactic pivot can be placed before the predicate, as shown:

gaukan

king

no-gutu

AV.RLS-make

ponguman

story

itu

DIST

gaukan no-gutu ponguman itu

king AV.RLS-make story DIST

'The king made this announcement.'[3]:142 Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (help);

kopi

coffee

ia

PRX

ni-pogutu

RLS(UG)-make

i

PN

Andris

Andrew

kopi ia ni-pogutu i Andris

coffee PRX RLS(UG)-make PN Andrew

'Andrew made this coffee.'[3]:143 Unknown glossing abbreviation(s) (help);


References


  1. Totoli at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. Riesberg, Sonja (2014). Symmetrical voice and linking in Western Austronesian languages. Walter de Gruyter.
  3. Adelaar, K. Alexander; Himmelmann, Nikolaus, eds. (2005). The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar.



На других языках


[de] Tolitoli

Tolitoli oder Tialo ist eine in Zentralsulawesi im Bezirk Toli Toli (Tolitoli Utara, Galang, Baolan und Dondo) gesprochene Sprache. Sie gehört zu den malayo-polynesischen Sprachen innerhalb der austronesischen Sprachen.
- [en] Totoli language



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