lingvo.wikisort.org - Language

Löyöp [løjøp] (formerly known as Lehalurup) is an Oceanic language spoken by about 240 people, on the east coast of Ureparapara Island in the Banks Islands of Vanuatu.[1][2] It is distinct from Lehali, the language spoken on the west coast of the same island.

Löyöp
Pronunciation	[løjøp]
Native to	Vanuatu
Region	Ureparapara, formerly Rowa Islands
Native speakers	240 (2010)[1][2]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Oceanic Southern Oceanic Vanuatu North Vanuatu Torres–Banks Löyöp
Language codes
ISO 639-3	urr
Glottolog	leha1244
ELP	Löyöp

The language was originally native to the Rowa Islands, having been brought to Urepapapara around the 1930s when a tsunami struck the Reef Islands and forced the speakers to relocate.[3]

Name

The name Löyöp [løjøp] refers to the area called "Divers' Bay" in English, in the eastern part of Ureparapara. It derives from a Proto-Torres-Banks form *loroβi. The name Lehalurup once used by certain authors (e.g. Tryon) is of unknown etymology: it may result from a transcription error, possibly under the influence of neighbouring Lehali (also of unclear origin).

Phonology

Löyöp phonemically contrasts 16 consonants and 11 vowels.[4]

Consonants

Löyöp consonants

		Labiovelar	Bilabial	Alveolar	Post-alveolar	Dorsal
Nasal		ŋ͡mʷ ⟨m̄⟩	m ⟨m⟩	n ⟨n⟩		ŋ ⟨n̄⟩
Stop	voiceless	k͡pʷ ⟨q⟩	p ⟨p⟩	t ⟨t⟩	t͡ʃ ⟨j⟩	k ⟨k⟩
	prenasalized			ⁿd ⟨d⟩
Fricative			β ⟨v⟩	s ⟨s⟩		ɣ ⟨g⟩
Approximant		w ⟨w⟩		l ⟨l⟩		j ⟨y⟩

Vowels

These are ten short monophthongs /i ɪ ɛ æ a œ ø y ɔ ʊ/, and one diphthong /i͡ɛ/.[5][4]

Löyöp vowels

	Front		Back
	plain	round
Close	i ⟨i⟩	y ⟨u⟩
Near-close	ɪ ⟨ē⟩	ø ⟨ö⟩	ʊ ⟨ō⟩
Open-mid	ɛ ⟨e⟩	œ ⟨ë⟩	ɔ ⟨o⟩
Near-open	æ ⟨ä⟩
Open	a ⟨a⟩

Grammar

The system of personal pronouns in Löyöp contrasts clusivity, and distinguishes four numbers (singular, dual, trial, plural).[6]

Spatial reference in Löyöp is based on a system of geocentric (absolute) directionals, which is in part typical of Oceanic languages, and yet innovative.[7]

References

Bibliography

• Tryon, D. T. (1972). "The languages of the New Hebrides: A checklist and general survey". In Beaumont, C.; Tryon, D. T.; Wurm, S. A. (eds.). Papers in Linguistics of Melanesia, Series A-33. Pacific Linguistics.
• François, Alexandre (2011), "Social ecology and language history in the northern Vanuatu linkage: A tale of divergence and convergence" (PDF), Journal of Historical Linguistics, 1 (2): 175–246, doi:10.1075/jhl.1.2.03fra, hdl:1885/29283.
• —— (2012), "The dynamics of linguistic diversity: Egalitarian multilingualism and power imbalance among northern Vanuatu languages" (PDF), International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 2012 (214): 85–110, doi:10.1515/ijsl-2012-0022, S2CID 145208588
• —— (2015). "The ins and outs of up and down: Disentangling the nine geocentric space systems of Torres and Banks languages" (PDF). In Alexandre François; Sébastien Lacrampe; Michael Franjieh; Stefan Schnell (eds.). The languages of Vanuatu: Unity and diversity. Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia. Canberra: Asia-Pacific Linguistics. pp. 137–195. hdl:1885/14819. ISBN 978-1-922185-23-5.
• —— (2016), "The historical morphology of personal pronouns in northern Vanuatu" (PDF), in Pozdniakov, Konstantin (ed.), Comparatisme et reconstruction : tendances actuelles, Faits de Langues, vol. 47, Bern: Peter Lang, pp. 25–60
• François, Alexandre (2021). "Presentation of the Löyöp language and audio archive". Pangloss Collection. Paris: CNRS. Retrieved 21 Feb 2022.

External links

• Audio recordings in the Löyöp language (Pangloss Collection)

На других языках

---

- [en] Löyöp language

---

[fr] Löyöp

Le löyöp [løjøp] (autrefois désigné comme lehalurup[1]) est une langue parlée par environ 240 personnes dans l’est de l’île Ureparapara, dans les îles Banks, au nord du Vanuatu.

---

---