lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageTemuan language (Temuan: Benua, Bual Uwang Hutarn, bual Mutan, Niap, Bahasak Temuan, Malay: Bahasa Temuan) is a Malayic language (part of the Austronesian language family) spoken by the Temuan people, one of the Orang Asli or indigenous peoples of Peninsular Malaysia which can be found in the states of Selangor, Pahang, Johor, Malacca and Negeri Sembilan. Temuan is a separate language but has a degree of mutual intelligibility with the Malay language. It is written in a Latin alphabet, but no standard orthography has been made.
Malayan language of Peninsular Malaysia
Temuan |
---|
|
Native to | Malaysia |
---|
Region | central and southern Peninsular Malaysia |
---|
Ethnicity | Temuan |
---|
Native speakers | 23,000 (2008)[1] |
---|
Language family | |
---|
Dialects | Belandas Mantra |
---|
Writing system | Latin |
---|
|
ISO 639-3 | tmw |
---|
Glottolog | temu1239 |
---|
ELP | Temuan |
---|
Examples of Temuan words:-
English |
Malay language |
Temuan language |
I |
Saya / Aku |
Akuk |
You (casual) |
Kau / Awak |
Ajih / Ong |
You (formal) |
Kamu |
Higun |
Aunty |
Makcik / Inang[2] |
Inak |
Uncle |
Pakcik / Mamak[3] |
Mamak |
Bad |
Buruk / Jahat |
Barap / Nyap Elok / Nyahat |
No / Not |
Tak |
Nyap |
Don't have |
Tiada |
Hap |
Alcohol / Liquor |
Arak |
Engkem / Aii / Sukuk |
Hokkien mee |
Mi Jalung |
Hokieen Mee |
Smoked monkey meat |
Daging kera salai |
Pantim |
Day |
Hari |
Haik |
People |
Orang |
Uwang / Eang |
Tell |
Beritahu / Khabar[4] |
Kaba |
Dialects
Temuan is divided into two major dialects namely Belandas and Mantra which differs mostly in terms of phonology and also some of the vocabulary but still mutually intelligible to one another.
Comparison between Belandas and Mantra dialects:
Sample of Temuan Belandas dialect - diak (he/she ), hajak (only), kitak (we ), tai (the end of sentence particle ).
Sample of Temuan Mantra dialect - dien (he/she), hajen (only), kiten (we ), tea (the end of sentence particle )
External links
Languages of Malaysia |
---|
Main | Official |
- Malaysian
- English
- comparison with British English
|
---|
|
---|
Significant minority | Chinese | |
---|
Indian | |
---|
Indonesian archipelago | |
---|
Philippine | |
---|
|
---|
Families |
- Austroasiatic
- Austronesian
- North Bornean
- Kayan–Murik
- Land Dayak
- Malayic
- Philippine
- Sama–Bajaw
- Tai-Kadai
|
---|
Creoles | |
---|
Natives & Indigenous | |
---|
Mixed & Others | |
---|
Immigrants |
- African
- Arab
- Bangladeshi
- Burmese
- Cambodian
- East Timorese
- Filipino
- Indonesian
- comparison with Malaysian
- Iranian
- Japanese
- Korean
- Laotian
- Nepalese
- Pakistani
- Sri Lankan
- Thai
- Vietnamese
|
---|
Signs | |
---|
- 1 Extinct languages
- 2 Nearly extinct languages
|
Austronesian languages |
---|
Formosan languages |
---|
Rukaic | |
---|
Tsouic | |
---|
Northern | Atayalic | |
---|
Northwest Formosan | |
---|
|
---|
East | |
---|
Southern ? | |
---|
|
|
Malayo–Polynesian |
---|
Western branches of Malayo–Polynesian |
---|
Philippine (linkage) ? | Batanic | |
---|
Northern Luzon | | Cagayan Valley | |
---|
Northeastern Luzon | |
---|
Meso-Cordilleran | |
---|
|
---|
Central Luzon | |
---|
Northern Mindoro | |
---|
Greater Central Philippine * | Southern Mindoro | |
---|
Central Philippine | | Bisayan | West | |
---|
Asi | |
---|
Central | |
---|
Cebuan | |
---|
South | |
---|
|
|
---|
Bikol | |
---|
|
---|
Mansakan | |
---|
Palawan | |
---|
Mindanao | |
---|
Gorontalo– Mongondow | |
---|
|
---|
Kalamian | |
---|
Bilic | |
---|
Sangiric | |
---|
Minahasan | |
---|
Manide–Inagta * | |
---|
|
|
---|
Greater Barito * | |
---|
Greater North Borneo * | North Borneo * | Northeast Sabah * | |
---|
Southwest Sabah * | Greater Dusunic * | Bisaya–Lotud | |
---|
Dusunic | |
---|
Paitanic | |
---|
|
---|
Greater Murutic * | |
---|
|
---|
North Sarawak * | |
---|
|
---|
Central Sarawak | |
---|
Kayanic | |
---|
Land Dayak | |
---|
Malayo–Chamic * | |
---|
Sundanese | |
---|
Rejang ? | |
---|
Moklenic ? | |
---|
|
---|
Sumatran * | Northwest Sumatra –Barrier Islands | |
---|
|
|
---|
Lampungic | |
---|
Javanese | |
---|
Madurese | |
---|
Bali–Sasak –Sumbawa | |
---|
Celebic | Bungku–Tolaki | |
---|
Muna–Buton | |
---|
Saluan–Banggai | |
---|
Tomini–Tolitoli | |
---|
Kaili–Wolio * | |
---|
|
---|
South Sulawesi | Bugis | |
---|
Makassaric | |
---|
Seko | |
---|
Northern | |
---|
|
|
---|
Isolates | |
---|
|
| Central Malayo-Polynesian languages |
---|
Bima | |
---|
Sumba–Flores | |
---|
Flores–Lembata | |
---|
Selaru | |
---|
Kei–Tanimbar ? | |
---|
Aru | |
---|
Timoric * | | Central Timor * | |
---|
Wetar–Galoli ? | |
---|
Kawaimina | |
---|
Luangic–Kisaric ? | |
---|
Rote–Meto * | |
---|
Babar | |
---|
Southwest Maluku | |
---|
|
---|
Kowiai ? | |
---|
Central Maluku * | |
---|
|
| Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages |
---|
SHWNG | | Halmahera Sea | Ambel–Biga | |
---|
Maya–Matbat | |
---|
Maden | |
---|
As | |
---|
South Halmahera | |
---|
|
---|
Cenderawasih | |
---|
|
---|
Oceanic | Admiralty | |
---|
Saint Matthias | |
---|
Temotu | Utupua | |
---|
Vanikoro | |
---|
Reefs–Santa Cruz | |
---|
|
---|
Southeast Solomonic | Gela–Guadalcanal | |
---|
Malaita– San Cristobal | |
---|
|
---|
Western Oceanic | Meso– Melanesian | Willaumez | |
---|
Bali-Vitu | |
---|
New Ireland– Northwest Solomonic | Tungag–Nalik | |
---|
Tabar | |
---|
Madak | |
---|
St. George | |
---|
Northwest Solomonic | |
---|
|
|
---|
|
---|
North New Guinea | Sarmi– Jayapura ? | |
---|
Schouten | |
---|
Huon Gulf | |
---|
Ngero–Vitiaz | |
---|
|
---|
Papuan Tip | Nuclear | |
---|
Kilivila–Misima | |
---|
Nimoa–Sudest | |
---|
|
---|
|
---|
Southern Oceanic | North Vanuatu | Torres–Banks | |
---|
Maewo–Ambae– North Pentecost | |
---|
South Pentecost | |
---|
Espiritu Santo | |
---|
|
---|
Nuclear Southern Oceanic | Central Vanuatu | |
---|
South Vanuatu | |
---|
Loyalties– New Caledonia | Loyalty Islands | |
---|
New Caledonian | |
---|
|
---|
|
---|
|
---|
Micronesian | |
---|
Central Pacific | |
---|
|
---|
|
|
|
|
- * indicates proposed status
- ? indicates classification dispute
- † indicates extinct status
|
Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.
Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии