lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageHalia is an Austronesian language of Buka Island and the Selau Peninsula of Bougainville Island, Papua New Guinea.
Language
| Halia |
|---|
|
| Native to | Papua New Guinea |
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| Region | Buka Island, Selau Peninsula |
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Native speakers | (20,000 cited 1994)[1] |
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Language family | |
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|
| ISO 639-3 | hla |
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| Glottolog | hali1244 |
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Phonology
The phonology of the Halia language:[2]
Consonants
|
Labial |
Alveolar |
Palatal |
Velar |
Glottal |
| Nasal |
m |
n |
|
ŋ |
|
| Plosive |
voiceless |
p |
t |
|
k |
|
| voiced |
b |
|
|
g |
|
| Affricate |
|
ts ~ tʃ |
|
|
| Fricative |
|
s |
|
|
h |
| Lateral |
|
l |
|
|
|
| Rhotic |
|
r |
|
|
|
| Semivowel |
w |
|
j |
|
|
Vowels
|
Front |
Central |
Back |
| High |
i |
|
u |
| ɪ |
|
ʊ |
| Mid |
(e) |
|
o |
| ɛ |
|
ɔ |
| Low |
|
a |
|
Diphthong vowel sounds include /ei, au, ou/.
[e] exists, but not as a monophthong.
Allophones
| Phoneme |
Allophones |
| /b/ |
[β] |
| /ɡ/ |
[ɣ], [χ] |
| /ts/ |
[tʃ] |
| /r/ |
[ɾ] |
| /a/ |
[æ], [ɐ], [ʌ] |
| /ʊ/ |
[ɨ] |
| /ei/ |
[e], [ɛi], [ɛ] |
Literature
In the 1960s Francis Hagai produced a series of liturgies in Halia as part of his work with the Hahalis Welfare Society.[3]
References
- Halia at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- Allen, Jerry (1987). Halia grammar. Data Papers on Papua New Guinea Languages, 32: Ukarumpa: Summer Institute of Linguistics. pp. 4–10, 215–219.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - Trompf, G. W. (1994). Payback: The Logic of Retribution in Melanesian Religions. Cambridge University Press. p. 224. ISBN 9780521416917.
External links
Meso–Melanesian |
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| Willaumez | |
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| Bali-Vitu | |
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New Ireland– Northwest Solomonic | | Tungag–Nalik | |
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| Tabar | |
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| Madak | |
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| St. George | |
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Northwest Solomonic | |
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- * indicates proposed status
- ? indicates classification dispute
- † indicates extinct status
|
Austronesian languages |
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Philippine (linkage) ? | | Batanic | |
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| Northern Luzon | | | Cagayan Valley | |
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| Northeastern Luzon | |
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| Meso-Cordilleran | |
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|
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| Central Luzon | |
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| Northern Mindoro | |
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Greater Central Philippine * | | Southern Mindoro | |
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| Central Philippine | | | Bisayan | | West | |
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| Asi | |
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| Central | |
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| Cebuan | |
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| South | |
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| Bikol | |
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| Mansakan | |
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| Palawan | |
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| Mindanao | |
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Gorontalo– Mongondow | |
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|
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| Kalamian | |
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| Bilic | |
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| Sangiric | |
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| Minahasan | |
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| Manide–Inagta * | |
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|
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| Greater Barito * | |
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Greater North Borneo * | | North Borneo * | | Northeast Sabah * | |
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| Southwest Sabah * | Greater Dusunic * | | Bisaya–Lotud | |
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| Dusunic | |
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| Paitanic | |
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Greater Murutic * | |
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| North Sarawak * | |
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| Central Sarawak | |
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| Kayanic | |
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| Land Dayak | |
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| Malayo–Chamic * | |
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| Sundanese | |
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| Rejang ? | |
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| Moklenic ? | |
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| Sumatran * | Northwest Sumatra –Barrier Islands | |
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| Lampungic | |
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| Javanese | |
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| Madurese | |
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Bali–Sasak –Sumbawa | |
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| Celebic | | Bungku–Tolaki | |
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| Muna–Buton | |
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| Saluan–Banggai | |
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| Tomini–Tolitoli | |
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| Kaili–Wolio * | |
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|
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| South Sulawesi | | Bugis | |
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| Makassaric | |
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| Seko | |
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| Northern | |
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|
|
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| Isolates | |
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|
| Central Malayo-Polynesian languages |
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| Bima | |
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| Sumba–Flores | |
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| Flores–Lembata | |
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| Selaru | |
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| Kei–Tanimbar ? | |
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| Aru | |
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| Timoric * | | | Central Timor * | |
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| Wetar–Galoli ? | |
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| Kawaimina | |
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| Luangic–Kisaric ? | |
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| Rote–Meto * | |
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| Babar | |
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| Southwest Maluku | |
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|
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| Kowiai ? | |
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| Central Maluku * | |
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| Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages |
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| SHWNG | | | Halmahera Sea | | Ambel–Biga | |
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| Maya–Matbat | |
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| Maden | |
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| As | |
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| South Halmahera | |
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| Cenderawasih | |
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| Oceanic | | Admiralty | |
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| Saint Matthias | |
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| Temotu | | Utupua | |
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| Vanikoro | |
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| Reefs–Santa Cruz | |
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Southeast Solomonic | | Gela–Guadalcanal | |
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Malaita– San Cristobal | |
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|
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Western Oceanic | Meso– Melanesian | | Willaumez | |
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| Bali-Vitu | |
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New Ireland– Northwest Solomonic | | Tungag–Nalik | |
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| Tabar | |
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| Madak | |
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| St. George | |
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Northwest Solomonic | |
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North New Guinea | |
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| Papuan Tip | | Nuclear | |
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| Kilivila–Misima | |
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| Nimoa–Sudest | |
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Southern Oceanic | North Vanuatu | |
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Nuclear Southern Oceanic | | Central Vanuatu | |
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| South Vanuatu | |
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Loyalties– New Caledonia | | Loyalty Islands | |
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| New Caledonian | |
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| Micronesian | |
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Central Pacific | |
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- * indicates proposed status
- ? indicates classification dispute
- † indicates extinct status
|
Languages of Papua New Guinea |
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| Official languages | |
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Major Indigenous languages | |
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Other Papuan languages | | Angan | |
|---|
| Awin–Pa | |
|---|
| Binanderean | |
|---|
| Bosavi | |
|---|
| Chimbu–Wahgi | |
|---|
| New Ireland | |
|---|
| Duna–Pogaya | |
|---|
| East Kutubuan | |
|---|
| East Strickland | |
|---|
| Engan | |
|---|
| Eleman | |
|---|
| Ok–Oksapmin | |
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| Teberan | |
|---|
| Tirio | |
|---|
| Turama–Kikorian | |
|---|
| Larger families |
- Finisterre–Huon
- Kainantu–Goroka
- Madang
- Ramu–Lower Sepik
- Sepik
- Southeast Papuan
- Torricelli
|
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|
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| Sign languages | |
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