lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageMwesen (formerly known by its Mota name Mosina) is an Oceanic language spoken in the southeastern area of Vanua Lava Island, in the Banks Islands of northern Vanuatu, by about 10 speakers.[1]
Austronesian language spoken in Vanuatu
Mwesen |
---|
|
|
Pronunciation | [ŋ͡mʷɪsɪn] |
---|
Native to | Vanuatu |
---|
Region | Vanua Lava |
---|
Native speakers | 10 (2012)[1] |
---|
Language family | |
---|
|
ISO 639-3 | msn (shared with Vures) |
---|
Glottolog | vure1239 Vures |
---|
ELP | Mwesen |
---|
Mwesen shows many similarities with the island's dominant language Vurës, to such an extent that they have sometimes been considered dialects of a single language. However, studies have shown that Mwesen and Vurës have various dissimilarities, e.g. in their vowel systems,[2] in their noun articles,[3] in their pronoun paradigms.[4]
Name
The name Mwesen is originally the name of a village, in the eastern part of Vanua Lava;[5] it is spelled M̄ēsēn [ŋ͡mʷɪsɪn] both in Mwesen itself, and in neighbouring Vurës. The village is known as Am̄sēn [aŋ͡mʷsɪn] (with locative prefix a-) in Mwotlap, and as M̄osina [ŋ͡mʷosina] (modern: M̄osna [ŋ͡mʷosna]) in Mota. All these different names are derived from a Proto-Torres-Banks form *mʷosina.
The old Mota name M̄osina was the source of Mosina, one of the names which was occasionally given, in English, to the Mwesen language (sometimes encompassing Mwesen together with Vurës).[6]
Phonology
Mwesen has 7 phonemic vowels. These are all short monophthongs /i ɪ ɛ a ɔ ʊ u/:[2]
Mwesen vowels
|
Front |
Back |
Close |
i ⟨i⟩ | u ⟨u⟩ |
Near-close |
ɪ ⟨ē⟩ | ʊ ⟨ō⟩ |
Open-mid |
ɛ ⟨e⟩ | ɔ ⟨o⟩ |
Open |
a ⟨a⟩ |
Grammar
The system of personal pronouns in Mwesen contrasts clusivity, and distinguishes four numbers (singular, dual, trial, plural).[4]
Spatial reference in Mwesen is based on a system of geocentric (absolute) directionals, which is in part typical of Oceanic languages, in part innovative.[7]
References
Bibliography
- François, Alexandre (2005), "Unraveling the history of the vowels of seventeen northern Vanuatu languages" (PDF), Oceanic Linguistics, 44 (2): 443–504, doi:10.1353/ol.2005.0034, S2CID 131668754
- François, Alexandre (2007), "Noun articles in Torres and Banks languages: Conservation and innovation", in Siegel, Jeff; Lynch, John; Eades, Diana (eds.), Language Description, History and Development: Linguistic indulgence in memory of Terry Crowley, Creole Language Library 30, Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 313–326, doi:10.1075/cll.30.30fra
- François, Alexandre (2009), "Verbal aspect and personal pronouns: The history of aorist markers in north Vanuatu", in Pawley, Andrew; Adelaar, Alexander (eds.), Austronesian historical linguistics and culture history: A festschrift for Bob Blust, vol. 601, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, pp. 179–195
- François, Alexandre (2011), "Social ecology and language history in the northern Vanuatu linkage: A tale of divergence and convergence" (PDF), Journal of Historical Linguistics, 1 (2): 175–246, doi:10.1075/jhl.1.2.03fra, hdl:1885/29283.
- François, Alexandre (2012), "The dynamics of linguistic diversity: Egalitarian multilingualism and power imbalance among northern Vanuatu languages" (PDF), International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 2012 (214): 85–110, doi:10.1515/ijsl-2012-0022, S2CID 145208588
- François, Alexandre (2015). "The ins and outs of up and down: Disentangling the nine geocentric space systems of Torres and Banks languages" (PDF). In Alexandre François; Sébastien Lacrampe; Michael Franjieh; Stefan Schnell (eds.). The languages of Vanuatu: Unity and diversity. Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia. Canberra: Asia-Pacific Linguistics. pp. 137–195. ISBN 978-1-922185-23-5.
- François, Alexandre (2016), "The historical morphology of personal pronouns in northern Vanuatu" (PDF), in Pozdniakov, Konstantin (ed.), Comparatisme et reconstruction : tendances actuelles, Faits de Langues, vol. 47, Bern: Peter Lang, pp. 25–60
External links
Languages of Vanuatu |
---|
Official languages | |
---|
Indigenous languages (Southern Oceanic and Polynesian) | North Vanuatu | Torres–Banks | |
---|
Penama | |
---|
Espiritu Santo | |
---|
|
---|
Central Vanuatu |
|
---|
South Vanuatu | |
---|
Polynesian | |
---|
|
---|
Southern Oceanic |
---|
North Vanuatu | Torres–Banks | |
---|
Maewo–Ambae– North Pentecost | |
---|
South Pentecost | |
---|
Espiritu Santo | |
---|
|
---|
Nuclear Southern Oceanic | Central Vanuatu | |
---|
South Vanuatu | |
---|
Loyalties– New Caledonia | Loyalty Islands | |
---|
New Caledonian | |
---|
|
---|
|
---|
|
- * indicates proposed status
- ? indicates classification dispute
- † indicates extinct status
|
Austronesian languages |
---|
Formosan languages |
---|
Rukaic | |
---|
Tsouic | |
---|
Northern | Atayalic | |
---|
Northwest Formosan | |
---|
|
---|
East | |
---|
Southern ? | |
---|
|
|
Malayo–Polynesian |
---|
Western branches of Malayo–Polynesian |
---|
Philippine (linkage) ? | Batanic | |
---|
Northern Luzon | | Cagayan Valley | |
---|
Northeastern Luzon | |
---|
Meso-Cordilleran | |
---|
|
---|
Central Luzon | |
---|
Northern Mindoro | |
---|
Greater Central Philippine * | Southern Mindoro | |
---|
Central Philippine | | Bisayan | West | |
---|
Asi | |
---|
Central | |
---|
Cebuan | |
---|
South | |
---|
|
|
---|
Bikol | |
---|
|
---|
Mansakan | |
---|
Palawan | |
---|
Mindanao | |
---|
Gorontalo– Mongondow | |
---|
|
---|
Kalamian | |
---|
Bilic | |
---|
Sangiric | |
---|
Minahasan | |
---|
Manide–Inagta * | |
---|
|
|
---|
Greater Barito * | |
---|
Greater North Borneo * | North Borneo * | Northeast Sabah * | |
---|
Southwest Sabah * | Greater Dusunic * | Bisaya–Lotud | |
---|
Dusunic | |
---|
Paitanic | |
---|
|
---|
Greater Murutic * | |
---|
|
---|
North Sarawak * | |
---|
|
---|
Central Sarawak | |
---|
Kayanic | |
---|
Land Dayak | |
---|
Malayo–Chamic * | |
---|
Sundanese | |
---|
Rejang ? | |
---|
Moklenic ? | |
---|
|
---|
Sumatran * | Northwest Sumatra –Barrier Islands | |
---|
|
|
---|
Lampungic | |
---|
Javanese | |
---|
Madurese | |
---|
Bali–Sasak –Sumbawa | |
---|
Celebic | Bungku–Tolaki | |
---|
Muna–Buton | |
---|
Saluan–Banggai | |
---|
Tomini–Tolitoli | |
---|
Kaili–Wolio * | |
---|
|
---|
South Sulawesi | Bugis | |
---|
Makassaric | |
---|
Seko | |
---|
Northern | |
---|
|
|
---|
Isolates | |
---|
|
| Central Malayo-Polynesian languages |
---|
Bima | |
---|
Sumba–Flores | |
---|
Flores–Lembata | |
---|
Selaru | |
---|
Kei–Tanimbar ? | |
---|
Aru | |
---|
Timoric * | | Central Timor * | |
---|
Wetar–Galoli ? | |
---|
Kawaimina | |
---|
Luangic–Kisaric ? | |
---|
Rote–Meto * | |
---|
Babar | |
---|
Southwest Maluku | |
---|
|
---|
Kowiai ? | |
---|
Central Maluku * | |
---|
|
| Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages |
---|
SHWNG | | Halmahera Sea | Ambel–Biga | |
---|
Maya–Matbat | |
---|
Maden | |
---|
As | |
---|
South Halmahera | |
---|
|
---|
Cenderawasih | |
---|
|
---|
Oceanic | Admiralty | |
---|
Saint Matthias | |
---|
Temotu | Utupua | |
---|
Vanikoro | |
---|
Reefs–Santa Cruz | |
---|
|
---|
Southeast Solomonic | Gela–Guadalcanal | |
---|
Malaita– San Cristobal | |
---|
|
---|
Western Oceanic | Meso– Melanesian | Willaumez | |
---|
Bali-Vitu | |
---|
New Ireland– Northwest Solomonic | Tungag–Nalik | |
---|
Tabar | |
---|
Madak | |
---|
St. George | |
---|
Northwest Solomonic | |
---|
|
|
---|
|
---|
North New Guinea | Sarmi– Jayapura ? | |
---|
Schouten | |
---|
Huon Gulf | |
---|
Ngero–Vitiaz | |
---|
|
---|
Papuan Tip | Nuclear | |
---|
Kilivila–Misima | |
---|
Nimoa–Sudest | |
---|
|
---|
|
---|
Southern Oceanic | North Vanuatu | Torres–Banks | |
---|
Maewo–Ambae– North Pentecost | |
---|
South Pentecost | |
---|
Espiritu Santo | |
---|
|
---|
Nuclear Southern Oceanic | Central Vanuatu | |
---|
South Vanuatu | |
---|
Loyalties– New Caledonia | Loyalty Islands | |
---|
New Caledonian | |
---|
|
---|
|
---|
|
---|
Micronesian | |
---|
Central Pacific | |
---|
|
---|
|
|
|
|
- * indicates proposed status
- ? indicates classification dispute
- † indicates extinct status
|
На других языках
- [en] Mwesen language
[fr] Mwesen
Le mwesen est une langue océanienne parlée au nord du Vanuatu dans le sud-est de l’île Vanua Lava, située dans l’archipel des îles Banks. C’est une langue en danger : elle n’a qu’une dizaine de locuteurs[1] et les jeunes parlent désormais une langue voisine, le vurës.
Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.
Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии