Waimoa or Waimaʼa is a spoken by about 18,467 (2010 census)[1] people in northeast East Timor. Waimoa proper is reported to be mutually intelligible with neighboring Kairui and Midiki, with 5,000 speakers total.
Waimoa | |
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Region | Northeast East Timor |
Native speakers | 18,467[1] (2010 censuses)[2] |
Language family | |
Dialects |
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Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | Either:wmh – Waimoakrd – Kairui-Midiki |
Glottolog | waim1252 Waima'akair1265 Kairui-Midiki |
ELP | Waima'a |
Kairui-Midiki[3] | |
![]() Distribution of Waimaha mother-tongue speakers in East Timor | |
![]() Distribution of Mideki ![]() Distribution of Kairui | |
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The classification of Waimoa is unclear. Structurally, it is Malayo-Polynesian. However, its vocabulary is largely Papuan, similar to that of Makasae. Although generally classified as Austronesian languages or dialects that have been largely relexified under the influence of a language related to Makasae, it is possible that Waimoa, Kairui, and Midiki are instead Papuan languages related to Makasae which have been influenced by Austronesian.
Similarly to other Austronesian languages of the region,[4] Waimoa has aspirated/voiceless and glottalized/ejective consonants, which are distributed like /hC/ and /ʔC/ consonant clusters (or perhaps /Ch/ and /Cʔ/) but are often pronounced as single segments.[5]
Bilabial | Coronal | Velar | Glottal | |
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Voiceless unaspirated | t | k | ʔ | |
Voiceless aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |
Voiceless ejective | pʼ ~ pˀ | tʼ ~ tˀ | kʼ ~ kˀ | |
Voiced plain | b | d | ɡ |
Similarly there are voiceless and glottalized /m n l r s w/.
There is also vowel harmony.
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Languages of East Timor | |
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Official languages | |
National languages | |
Working languages |
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