lingvo.wikisort.org - LanguageSudest, also known as Tagula, is an Oceanic language of Papua New Guinea.
Austronesian language spoken in Papua New Guinea
| Sudest |
|---|
|
| Region | Tagula Island, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea |
|---|
Native speakers | (2,000 cited 1987)[1] |
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Language family | |
|---|
|
| ISO 639-3 | tgo |
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| Glottolog | sude1239 |
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Name
The name Sudest is a word meaning "southeast" in French or Italian.
Phonology
Consonants
|
Labial |
Dental/
Alveolar |
Palatal |
Velar |
|---|
| plain |
lab. |
plain |
lab. |
| Plosive |
voiceless |
p |
pʷ |
t |
|
k |
kʷ |
| voiced |
b |
bʷ |
d |
ɟ |
ɡ |
ɡʷ |
| prenasal |
ᵐb |
ᵐbʷ |
ⁿd |
ᶮɟ |
ᵑɡ |
ᵑɡʷ |
| Fricative |
voiced |
β |
βʷ |
ð |
|
ɣ |
ɣʷ |
| voiceless |
|
|
s |
|
|
|
| Nasal |
m |
mʷ |
n |
ɲ |
ŋ |
ŋʷ |
| Rhotic |
|
|
r |
|
|
|
| Lateral |
|
|
l |
|
|
|
| Approximant |
|
|
|
j |
|
w |
- /ɣ/ is heard as a glottal [h], before /o/ or /u/.
- /ɣʷ/ is heard as [hʷ], in free variation within different dialects.
- /β, βʷ/ are originally bilabial, although many speakers under the influence of English pronounce them as labio-dental [v, vʷ].[2]
Vowels
|
Front |
Central |
Back |
|---|
| Close |
i |
|
u |
| Mid |
e |
ə |
o |
| Open |
|
a |
|
External links
- Paradisec has two collections of Arthur Cappell's materials (AC1, AC2) and one collection of Malcolm Ross's (MR1) materials that include Sudest-language materials.
References
- Sudest at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- Anderson, Mike; Ross, Malcolm (2002). Sudest. The Oceanic Languages: Richmond: Curzon. pp. 322–346.
Papuan Tip languages |
|---|
Nuclear
Papuan Tip | | Suauic | |
|---|
| Bwaidoga | |
|---|
| Dobu–Duau | |
|---|
| Kakabai | |
|---|
| Are | |
|---|
| Taupota | |
|---|
| Others | |
|---|
|
|---|
Central
Papuan Tip | | Oumic | |
|---|
| Sinagoro–Keapara | |
|---|
| West Central | |
|---|
|
|---|
Other
Papuan Tip | | Kilivila–Misima | |
|---|
| Nimoa–Sudest | |
|---|
|
|---|
Austronesian languages |
|---|
Formosan languages |
|---|
| Rukaic | |
|---|
| Tsouic | |
|---|
| Northern | | Atayalic | |
|---|
Northwest
Formosan | |
|---|
|
|---|
| East | |
|---|
| Southern ? | |
|---|
|
|
Malayo–Polynesian |
|---|
Western branches of Malayo–Polynesian |
|---|
Philippine
(linkage) ? | | Batanic | |
|---|
| Northern Luzon | | | Cagayan Valley | |
|---|
| Northeastern Luzon |
- Dupaningan Agta
- Dinapigue Agta language
- Casiguran Agta
- Nagtipunan Agta
- Pahanan Agta
- Paranan Agta
|
|---|
| Meso Cordilleran | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Central Luzon | |
|---|
| Northern Mindoro | |
|---|
Greater Central
Philippine * | | Southern Mindoro | |
|---|
| Central Philippine | | | Bisayan | | West | |
|---|
| Asi | |
|---|
| Central | |
|---|
| Cebuan | |
|---|
| South | |
|---|
|
|
|---|
| Bikol | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Mansakan | |
|---|
| Palawan | |
|---|
| Mindanao | |
|---|
Gorontalo–
Mongondow | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Kalamian | |
|---|
| Bilic | |
|---|
| Sangiric | |
|---|
| Minahasan | |
|---|
| Manide–Inagta * | |
|---|
|
|
|---|
| Greater Barito * | |
|---|
Greater
North Borneo * | | North Borneo * | | Northeast Sabah * | |
|---|
| Southwest Sabah * | Greater
Dusunic * | | Bisaya–Lotud | |
|---|
| Dusunic | |
|---|
| Paitanic | |
|---|
|
|---|
Greater
Murutic * | |
|---|
|
|---|
| North Sarawak * | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Central Sarawak | |
|---|
| Kayanic | |
|---|
| Land Dayak | |
|---|
| Malayo–Chamic * | |
|---|
| Sundanese | |
|---|
| Rejang ? | |
|---|
| Moklenic ? | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Sumatran * | Northwest Sumatra
–Barrier Islands | |
|---|
|
|
|---|
| Lampungic | |
|---|
| Javanese | |
|---|
| Madurese | |
|---|
Bali–Sasak
–Sumbawa | |
|---|
| Celebic | | Bungku–Tolaki | |
|---|
| Muna–Buton | |
|---|
| Saluan–Banggai | |
|---|
| Tomini–Tolitoli | |
|---|
| Kaili–Wolio * | |
|---|
|
|---|
| South Sulawesi | | Bugis | |
|---|
| Makassaric | |
|---|
| Seko | |
|---|
| Northern | |
|---|
|
|
|---|
| Isolates | |
|---|
|
| Central Malayo-Polynesian languages |
|---|
| Bima | |
|---|
| Sumba–Flores | |
|---|
| Flores–Lembata | |
|---|
| Selaru | |
|---|
| Kei–Tanimbar ? | |
|---|
| Aru | |
|---|
| Timoric * | | | Central Timor * | |
|---|
| Wetar–Galoli ? | |
|---|
| Kawaimina | |
|---|
| Luangic–Kisaric ? | |
|---|
| Rote–Meto * | |
|---|
| Babar | |
|---|
| Southwest Maluku | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Kowiai ? | |
|---|
| Central Maluku * | |
|---|
|
| Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages |
|---|
| SHWNG | | | Halmahera Sea | | Ambel–Biga | |
|---|
| Maya–Matbat | |
|---|
| Maden | |
|---|
| As | |
|---|
| South Halmahera | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Cenderawasih | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Oceanic | | Admiralty | |
|---|
| Saint Matthias | |
|---|
| Temotu | | Utupua | |
|---|
| Vanikoro | |
|---|
| Reefs–Santa Cruz |
- Äiwoo
- Engdewu / Nanggu
- Natügu / Santa Cruz
|
|---|
|
|---|
Southeast
Solomonic | | Gela–Guadalcanal | |
|---|
Malaita–
San Cristobal | |
|---|
|
|---|
Western
Oceanic | Meso–
Melanesian | | Willaumez | |
|---|
| Bali-Vitu | |
|---|
New Ireland–
Northwest
Solomonic | | Tungag–Nalik | |
|---|
| Tabar | |
|---|
| Madak | |
|---|
| St. George | |
|---|
Northwest
Solomonic | |
|---|
|
|
|---|
|
|---|
North
New Guinea | Sarmi–
Jayapura ? | |
|---|
| Schouten | |
|---|
| Huon Gulf | |
|---|
| Ngero–Vitiaz | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Papuan Tip | | Nuclear | |
|---|
| Kilivila–Misima | |
|---|
| Nimoa–Sudest | |
|---|
|
|---|
|
|---|
Southern
Oceanic | North
Vanuatu | | Torres–Banks | |
|---|
Maewo–Ambae–
North Pentecost | |
|---|
| South Pentecost | |
|---|
| Espiritu Santo | |
|---|
|
|---|
Nuclear
Southern
Oceanic | | Central Vanuatu | |
|---|
| South Vanuatu | |
|---|
Loyalties–
New Caledonia | | Loyalty Islands | |
|---|
| New Caledonian | |
|---|
|
|---|
|
|---|
|
|---|
| Micronesian | |
|---|
Central
Pacific | |
|---|
|
|---|
|
|
|
|
- * indicates proposed status
- ? indicates classification dispute
- † indicates extinct status
|
Languages of Papua New Guinea |
|---|
| Official languages | |
|---|
Major Indigenous
languages | |
|---|
Other Papuan
languages | | Angan | |
|---|
| Awin–Pa | |
|---|
| Binanderean | |
|---|
| Bosavi | |
|---|
| Chimbu–Wahgi | |
|---|
| New Ireland | |
|---|
| Duna–Pogaya | |
|---|
| East Kutubuan | |
|---|
| East Strickland | |
|---|
| Engan | |
|---|
| Eleman | |
|---|
| Ok–Oksapmin | |
|---|
| Teberan | |
|---|
| Tirio | |
|---|
| Turama–Kikorian | |
|---|
| Larger families |
- Finisterre–Huon
- Kainantu–Goroka
- Madang
- Ramu–Lower Sepik
- Sepik
- Southeast Papuan
- Torricelli
|
|---|
|
|---|
| Sign languages | |
|---|
На других языках
- [en] Sudest language
[ru] Судест
Судест, или тагула (Sud-Est, Tagula, Vanatina, Vanga) — австронезийский язык, на котором говорят в 17 деревнях и сёлах, в конце цепочки Кальвадос, западнее острова Ванатинаи округа Яма-Йеле провинции Милн-Бей в Папуа — Новой Гвинее.
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